elements of social interaction

Question 1

________ are positions in society that are used to classify individuals

Answer 1

social status

Question 2

_________ status is one that is given involuntarily

Answer 2

ascribed

*race, ethnicity, gender, family background

Question 3

________ status is gained as a result of ones efforts or choices

Answer 3

achieved

*profession, career

Question 4

__________ status is the status that a person is most identified by

Answer 4

master

Question 5

____________ is the carrying out of behaviors associated with a given role

Answer 5

role performance

Question 6

the various roles associated with a status are referred to as a _________

Answer 6

role set

Question 7

__________ is the difficulty in satisfying the requirements of expectations of multiple roles

Answer 7

role conflict

Question 8

__________ is the difficulty in satisfying multiple requirements of the same role

Answer 8

role strain

Question 9

___________ is the dropping of one identity for another

Answer 9

role exit

Question 10

____________ is a social group with which a person experiences a sense of belonging

Answer 10

in group

Question 11

___________ is a social group with which an individual does not identify

Answer 11

out group

Question 12

__________ is a group that consists of self selected equal associated by similar interests, ages, or statuses

Answer 12

peer group

Question 13

_____________ is a group that is not self selected but determined by birth, adoption, and marriage

Answer 13

family group

Question 14

explain the difference between a primary and a secondary group

Answer 14

primary = direct interactions, close bonds, intimate relationships (close family / friends)
secondary = impersonal interactions, businesslike, few emotional bonds, goal of accomplishing something (group project)

Question 15

____________ refers to groups unified by feelings of togetherness due to shared beliefs, ancestry or geography

Answer 15

gemeinschaft (community)

Question 16

___________ refers to groups unified by mutual self interests, working together toward the same goal

Answer 16

gesellschaft (craft)

*sell your craft

Question 17

give examples of groups of gemeinschaft and gesellschaft

Answer 17

gesellschaft = companies, countries
gemeinschaft = families, neighborhoods

Question 18

what are the three fundamental dimensions of interaction of the system for multiple level observation of groups (SYMLOG)?

Answer 18

1. dominance vs submission
2. friendliness vs unfriendliness
3. instrumentally controlled vs emotionally expressive

Question 19

___________ is when individuals are compliant with the groups goals even when the groups goals may be in direvy contrast to the individuals goal

Answer 19

group conformity

Question 20

_________ is used to descrubed the observable pattern of social relationships among individuals or groups

Answer 20

network

Question 21

if there are overlapping connections with the same individual, it is referred to as ________

Answer 21

network redundancy

Question 22

explain the difference between immediate and distant networks

Answer 22

immediate = dense, with strong connections (close friends)
distant = looser, contain weaker ties (acquaintances)

Question 23

__________ are complex secondary groups that are set up to schieve specific goals and are characteruzed by having a structure and culture

Answer 23

organization

Question 24

give some examples of organizations

Answer 24

schools
companies
music groups
sports teams
frats / sororities
political organizations

Question 25

in modern times, what is the characteristic institution?

Answer 25

bureaucracy

Question 26

_________ is a rational system of political organization, administration, discipline, and control

Answer 26

bureaucracy

Question 27

what are the 6 major characteristics of a bureaucracy?

Answer 27

1. nonelected officials on a fixed salary 2. officials make careers out of holding office and obtain rights / privileges due to this 3. regular salary increases, seniority rights, promotions 4. officials with advanced degrees / training 5. responsibilities rigidly defined by the organization 6. responsible for meeting the demands of the position

Question 28

T / F - bureaucracies are often slow to change and less efficient than other organizations

Answer 28

true

Question 29

what does the law of oligarchy explain?

Answer 29

democratic or bureaucracic systems naturally shift to being ruled by an elite group *place power in the hands of a few key leaders

Question 30

______________ is commonly used to refer to a shift in focus toward efficiency, predictability, calculability, and control in social practices

Answer 30

mcdonaldization *mcdonalds farm was efficient