elements of social interaction Flashcards
________ are positions in society that are used to classify individuals
social status
_________ status is one that is given involuntarily
ascribed
*race, ethnicity, gender, family background
________ status is gained as a result of ones efforts or choices
achieved
*profession, career
__________ status is the status that a person is most identified by
master
____________ is the carrying out of behaviors associated with a given role
role performance
the various roles associated with a status are referred to as a _________
role set
__________ is the difficulty in satisfying the requirements of expectations of multiple roles
role conflict
__________ is the difficulty in satisfying multiple requirements of the same role
role strain
___________ is the dropping of one identity for another
role exit
____________ is a social group with which a person experiences a sense of belonging
in group
___________ is a social group with which an individual does not identify
out group
__________ is a group that consists of self selected equal associated by similar interests, ages, or statuses
peer group
_____________ is a group that is not self selected but determined by birth, adoption, and marriage
family group
explain the difference between a primary and a secondary group
primary = direct interactions, close bonds, intimate relationships (close family / friends)
secondary = impersonal interactions, businesslike, few emotional bonds, goal of accomplishing something (group project)
____________ refers to groups unified by feelings of togetherness due to shared beliefs, ancestry or geography
gemeinschaft (community)
___________ refers to groups unified by mutual self interests, working together toward the same goal
gesellschaft (craft)
*sell your craft
give examples of groups of gemeinschaft and gesellschaft
gesellschaft = companies, countries
gemeinschaft = families, neighborhoods
what are the three fundamental dimensions of interaction of the system for multiple level observation of groups (SYMLOG)?
- dominance vs submission
- friendliness vs unfriendliness
- instrumentally controlled vs emotionally expressive
___________ is when individuals are compliant with the groups goals even when the groups goals may be in direvy contrast to the individuals goal
group conformity
_________ is used to descrubed the observable pattern of social relationships among individuals or groups
network
if there are overlapping connections with the same individual, it is referred to as ________
network redundancy
explain the difference between immediate and distant networks
immediate = dense, with strong connections (close friends)
distant = looser, contain weaker ties (acquaintances)
__________ are complex secondary groups that are set up to schieve specific goals and are characteruzed by having a structure and culture
organization
give some examples of organizations
schools
companies
music groups
sports teams
frats / sororities
political organizations
in modern times, what is the characteristic institution?
bureaucracy
_________ is a rational system of political organization, administration, discipline, and control
bureaucracy
what are the 6 major characteristics of a bureaucracy?
- nonelected officials on a fixed salary
- officials make careers out of holding office and obtain rights / privileges due to this
- regular salary increases, seniority rights, promotions
- officials with advanced degrees / training
- responsibilities rigidly defined by the organization
- responsible for meeting the demands of the position
T / F - bureaucracies are often slow to change and less efficient than other organizations
true
what does the law of oligarchy explain?
democratic or bureaucracic systems naturally shift to being ruled by an elite group
*place power in the hands of a few key leaders
______________ is commonly used to refer to a shift in focus toward efficiency, predictability, calculability, and control in social practices
mcdonaldization
*mcdonalds farm was efficient
