parts of the forebrain Flashcards
parts of the forebrain?
*Can Boys Lick Their Head? Probably, its a Possibility
cerebral cortex
basal ganglia
limbic system
thalamus
hypothalamus
posterior pituitary
pineal gland
function of the thalamus?
relay sensory station (all senses except for smell)
*imagine thanos in a relay
functions of the hypothalamus?
*four F’s
fighting
feeding - hunger, thirst
flighting
fucking
what are the subdivisions of the hypothalamus?
- lateral
- ventromedial
- anterior
what happens if the lateral hypothalamus is destroyed?
if the Lateral Hypothalamus is destroyed, one Lacks Hunger
what happens if the ventromedial hypothalamus is destroyed?
if the VentroMedial Hypothalamus is destroyed, one is Very Much Hungry
what does the anterior hypothalamus control?
sexual behavior
the posterior pituitary is the site of release for __________ and _________
ADH (vasopressin)
oxytocin
the pineal gland secretes __________
melatonin
*after penis (sex), you want to sleep
____________ coordinate muscle movement as their receive information from the cortex and relay this information
basal ganglia
*gangs have moves
T / F - the extrapyramidal system functions directly through motor neurons
false
what chronic illness can result from destruction of the basal ganglia?
parkinsons
what structures make up the limbic system?
septal nuclei
amygdala
hippocampus
anterior cingulate cortex
what is the function of the septal nuclei?
primary pleasure centers (addictive behaviors)
*septic tanks are not filled with pleasure
what is the function of the amygdala?
defensive and agressive behaviors
*dollas make people violent
what are symptoms of a damaged amygdala?
reduced fear and agression reactions
docility
hypersexual
what is the function of the hippocampus?
learning
memory process
long term memories
*learn while on campus
__________ amnesia is characterized by not being able to establish new long term memories, whereas long term memory for events that occurred before brain injury are usually intact
anterograde
_________ amnesia refers to memory loss of events that transpired before brain injury
retrograde
what is the function of the anterior cingulate cortex?
high order cognitive processes
impulse control
decision making
*ants make decisons to not sing
the cerebral cortex has several bumps (________) and folds (________)
bumps = gyri
folds = sulci
what are the subdivisions of the cerebral cortex?
F-POT
- frontal
- parietal
- occipital
- temporal
what two parts make up the frontal lobe?
- prefrontal cortex
- motor cortex
what is the function of the prefrontal cortex?
perception
memory
emotion
impulse control
long term planning
what are symptoms of an individual who may have damage to their prefrontal cortex?
more impulsive
less in control of behavior
___________ area integrates input from diverse regions of the brain
association
what is an example of an asociation area?
prefrontal cortex
__________ area performs more rudimentary perceptual and motor tasks
projection
what is an example of a projection area?
motor cortex
what is the function of the motor cortex?
initiate voluntary motor movements by sending neural impulses down the spinal cord toward the muscles
the broca’s area is vitally important for ___________
speech production
*allie deals with broken speech
in which hemisphere is the broca’s area typically found?
dominant hemisphere = left
the primary motor cortex is located on the ___________ gyrus
precentral
the somatosensory cortex is located on the ____________ gyrus
postcentral
the somatosensory cortex is a projection area that detects incoming sensory signals for _______, ________, ___________, and _________
touch
pressure
temperature
pain
the ___________ lobes contain the visual cortex
occipital
the auditory and wernicke’s area are located in the ___________ lobe
temporal
what is the function of the auditory cortex?
sound processing (speech, music, and other sound info)
what is the function of the wernicke’s area?
language reception and comprehension
T / F - the temporal lobe functions in memory processing, emotion, and language
true
cerebral hemispheres comuicate with opposite sides of the body = ____________
cerebral hemispheres comuicate with the same sides of the body = ____________
opposite = contralaterally
same = ipsilaterally
characteristics of the dominant hemisphere?
dominant = left
analytical
manages details
language / speech
logic
math skills
characteristics of the nondominant hemisphere?
nondominant = right
intuition
creative
music cognition
spatial processing
recognize others’ moods
__________ hemisphere screens incoming lanuage to analyze its content, __________ hemisphere interprets it according to its emotional tone
dominant
nondominant
identify the dominant / nondominant components:
visual system
1. letters / words
2. faces
letters / words = dominant
faces = nondominant
identify the dominant / nondominant components:
auditory system
1. language related sound
2. music
language related sounds = dominant
music = nondominant
identify the dominant / nondominant components:
language
1. emotions
2. speech, reading, writing, arithmetic
emotions = nondominant
speech, reading, writing, arithmetic = dominant
identify the dominant / nondominant components:
movement
1. complex voluntary movement
complex voluntary movement = dominant
identify the dominant / nondominant components:
spatial processes
1. geometry, sense of direction
geometry, sense of direction = nondominant
