Soc 16 - Structure of Blood Vessels & Blood Distribution

Question 1

How many characteristic does each blood vessel have

Answer 1

4

Question 2

Characteristics of arteries

Answer 2

• take blood away from heart
• thick walls, more elastic then veins as they carry higher pressure blood
• the lumen can widen to allow more blood through when exercising
• pulmonary arteries are different as it carries deoxygenated blood from heart to lungs

Question 3

Characteristics of veins

Answer 3

• carry blood into heart
• thinner walls, less elastic as they carry blood at lower pressure
• contain valves to help deoxygenate blood flow to the heart
• pulmonary vein is different carries oxygenated blood from lungs to heart

Question 4

Characteristics of capillaries

Answer 4

• miscroscopic vessel, 1 cell thick
• 1 end, capillaries carry oxygenated blood which delivers oxygen and nutrients to muscles
• other end carry deoxygenated blood into veins picking up waste products and disposing them around the body
• where gaseous exchange takes place

Question 5

Rhythm of heart beat

Answer 5

Lub dub

Question 6

1st phase and what occurs

Answer 6

Systolic phase - blood pumped from atrium into ventricles (lub)
Then ventricles contracts (dub) pushing dexoygenated blood to leave the right ventricle to the lungs via the pulmonary artery.
Oxygenated blood in the left ventricle leaves via the aorta to the body

Question 7

2nd phase name and what happens

Answer 7

Diastolic phase. Heart is relaxing and refilling the atria with blood

Question 8

What is blood pressure

Answer 8

Measure of the force that your heart uses to pump blood around the body

Question 9

What does high blood pressure indicate

Answer 9

High risk of health problems.

Question 10

What do the 2 numbers mean in the readings of your blood pressure

Answer 10

1st - systolic (higher) = is your systolic blood pressure when your heart is pushing blood around the body
2nd - diastolic (lower) = blood pressure when relaxing

Question 11

What are the functions of RBC

Answer 11

Transport oxygen from the lungs to the body cells and transport carbon dioxide from cells to lungs

Question 12

What do RBC contain and what does this do

Answer 12

Haemoglobin which carries carbon dioxide and oxygen

Question 13

Function of WBC

Answer 13

Defence system of the body, they produce antibodies that fights infection and disease. Meaning if an athlete has an infection or disease, they can carry on performing

Question 14

Main role of plasma

Answer 14

To take nutrients, hormones, and proteins to parts of the body that need it. Cells also put their waste products into the plasma. The plasma then removes this waste from the body. Plasma also TRANSPORTS RBC AND CARRIES OXYGEN around the body