Soc 12 & 13 - Skeletal System & Joints, Tendons, Ligaments Flashcards
What is the name of the skull bone
Cranium
Name of the top of foot
Tarsals
Name of the middle of the foot
Metatarsals
Name of the bone at the end of the foot
Phalangles
Name of the kneebone
Patella
Name of the bone at the top of the arm
Humerous
What is the colar bone called
Clavicle
What bone is in the middle of a rib cage
Sternum
What is the hip called
Pelvis
Bone on inside of arm
Ulna
Outside of arm
Radium
Name of the upper bone in your leg
Femur
Knee cap
Patella
3 parts of foot
Tarsals
Metatarsals
Phalangles
What is the neck called
Vertebrae
Shoulder blades
Scapula
What is the talebone called
Coccyx
3 bones in hand
Phalangles
Metacarpals
Carpals
Main bone in shin
Tibia
Smaller bone in shin
Fibula
5 functions of skeletal system
Protect vital organ
Muscle attachment
Joints for movement
Storing calcium and phospherous
Red and white blood cell production
What are the first 7 bones in the vertebrae called
Cervical
What are the 2nd section of bones called. And how many bones does it contain
Thoracic - 12
What is the 3rd section of the vertebrae called and how many bones are there inside
Lumbar - 5 bones
What is the 4th section of the vertebrae and how many bones does it have
Sacrum - 5 bones
What is the bottom section of the vertebrae and how many bones does it have
Coccyx - 4 bones
How do i remember all of the sections of the vertebrae
Come to liams swimming competition
4 different types of bone
Long, short, irregular, flat
Benefit of long bones
Generate movement/strength
Benefit of short bones
Weight baring exercises
Benefit of irregular bones
Protection/ generate movement
Benefit of flat bones
Protect vital organs/ muscle attachments
How are bones classed as long bones
Bones which are longer than they are wide. Has a shaft and 2 ends
Long bones benefit in sport
Vital to generate movement and power. Act as levers, pulled by different muscles enabling muscles to move
How is a bone classed as a small bone
When a bone is same size in length, width and thickness. Only short bones are carpals and tarsals in wrist and feet
How are small bones helpful in sport
Short bones are usually associated with weight baring, shock absorption and spreading loads.
What sports require short bones
Long distance running, tennis or dancing
What do the flat bones do
Protect organs or offer a good surface for muscles to attach to. For example ribs protect heart and lungs
How do flat bones help in sport
Protect organs in contact sport and provide attachment for muscles to help movement
How does a bone class as an irregular bone
If the bone has an odd shape and vary in function
Easy example for irregular bones
Vertebrae
How does irregular bones help in sport
Offer protection when playing sport. Form specific functions for example the 1st and 2nd vertebrae allow the head to turn and nod
What is flexion
Bending movement that decreases the angle between body parts
What are the joints that provide flexion
Shoulder, hip, elbow
Examples of flexion in sport
Someone working out in the gym bends their arm when doing a bicep curl
What is extension
Straightening movement that increases the angle between body parts
Joints that provide extension
Elbow and knee
Examples of extension in sport
A swimmer swings the arm backwards in preparation for a racing dive
What is abduction
Movement that pulls away from the midline of the body
Joints that provide abduction
Shoulder, hip
Examples of abduction in sport
A gymnast moves their arms out sideways at the shoulder when performing the crucifix on the rings
What is rotation
Movement around a singles axis or pivot point
Joints that provide rotation
Shouler,hip
Examples of rotation in sport
A tennis player serves
Adduction
Movement that pulls towards the midline of the body
Joints that provide adduction
Shoulder, hip
Example of adduction in sport
A golfer on a tee swings the club down towards the ball
Adduction
Movement that pulls towards the midline of the body
Joints that provide adduction
Shoulder - hip
Example of adduction in sport
Golfer on a tee swings the club towards the ball
Circumduction
Moving in a circular or conical shape
Joints that provide circumduction
Shoulder hip wrist
Example of circumduction in sport
Crickiter bowls a ball
Dorsi flexion
Bending of flexing the toes up closer to the shin
Joints that provide dorsi flexion
Ankle
Example of dorsi flexion in sport
Sprinter positions their feet in the starting blocks
Plantar flexion
Extending or pointing your toes down away from the shin
Joints which provide plantar flexion
Ankel
Example of plantar flexion in sport
A floor gymnast points their toes
The vetebrae has _____ bones
33
What does a ligament connect?
2 bones
What does a tendon connect
A muscle to a bone
Joints
Where 2 bones meet
What movement do hinge joints allow
Flexion and extension of a joint
What movements do ball and socket joints allow
Allow movement in almost every direction
