Soc 14 - Muscular System Flashcards
What is the funtion of the deltoid?
Raise the arm in all directions at the shoulder
Example in sport for deltoid
In tennis, when serving you need to raise the racket above your head
What is the funtion of the pectoralis major
Adduct the arm at the shoulder
Example of pectoralis major in sport
When performing a jab in boxing
What is the funtion of the latissimus dorsi
Pull your arms down at the shoulders and behind your back
Example of latissimus dorsi in sport
When swimming front crawl, you are pulling your arms as fast as possible at the shoulders and behind the back
What is the funtion of the bicep
Flex your arm at the elbow
Example of bicep in sport
Uppercut in boxing
What is the funtion of the tricep
Extend the arm at the elbow
Example of tricep in sport
When taking a throw in when playing football
What is the funtion of the external obliques
Pull the chest downwards. Flex and rotate the spinal column
What is an example of external obliques in sport
When doing a forward roll or flip in gymnastics
What is the funtion of the gluteals
Adduct and extend the leg at the hips, pull the leg backwards
Example of the gluteals in sport
Pull your leg backwards to strike through the ball powerfully in football
What is the funtion of the hip flexors
Flex the hip, help the leg and knee up towards the body
Example of hip flexor in sport
When sprinting in a race driving the knee up toward the body
What is the funtion of the quadriceps
Extend the leg at the knee
What is an example of the quadriceps
Football when striking a ball following through the ball
What is the funtion of the hamstrings
Enable us to flex the legs at the knee
Example of hamstring in sport
When you need to jump in basketball, you need to flex the legs at the knees
What is the funtion of the gastrocnemius
Point the toes (planta-flexion) at the ankle
Example of gastrocnimius in sport
When standing on your toes doing a planta-flexion in ballet
What is the funtion of the tibialis anterior
Flex the hip, help the leg and the knee up towards the ball
Example of tibialis anterior in sport
When controlling a football coming in from the air at the toe
What is a voluntary muscle
Muscles we are in control of, you can choose when to relax or contract them. Usually cylinder shaped fibres and usually long and thin but get shorter and fatter when contracting
What are involentury muscles
Muscles not in our control, we don’t control when they contract or relax controlled by involuntary nervous system. They can be found in the digestive system
What are cardiac muscles
Only found in the wall of the heart it is very specialised type of involentury muscle. Cardia muscle is made up of interlaced fibres. These fibres can spread electronical signals from the brain right through the heart
What is a slow twitch fibre
Suit endurance activities, can work for long periods of time. They are darker in colour because they contain myoglobin, a red pigmant that transports oxygen to the working muscles
What is a fast twitch fibre type IIa
Used in anaerobic work which can be improved through endurance training. Increase their resistance to fatigue
What is fast twitch fibre type IIx
Used in anaerobic work that can generate more power that other muscle fibres fatigue quickly. Suits speed events and are lighter in colour because they don’t use oxygen for energy
