Soc 14: The Muscular Skeletal System

Question 1

What are the Gluteals?

Answer 1

Muscles in the middle of your body at the back, forming the bottom.

They abduct and extend the leg at the hips, aswell as pulling the leg backwards.

Question 2

What are the hamstrings?

Answer 2

Muscles at the top of each leg at the back.

Help too flex the legs at the knees.

Question 3

What is the gastrocnemius?

Answer 3

At the bottom of each leg at the back, also known as the calf muscles.

Help too point the toes at the ankle.

Question 4

What is the Latissimus Dorsi?

Answer 4

Muscles at the back of the body, either side of the chest.

Help too pull your arms down at the shoulders and behind your back.

Question 5

What are the triceps?

Answer 5

Muscles at the top of each arm at the back

Help to extend the arm at the elbow.

Question 6

What are your deltoids?

Answer 6

Muscles in the upper part of the body, covering the shoulders.

Help too raise the arms in all directions at the shoulders.

Question 7

What are the biceps?

Answer 7

Muscles at the top of each arm at the front.

Help too flex the arm at the elbows.

Question 8

What are the quadriceps?

Answer 8

Muscles at the top of each leg at the front.

Help to extend the leg at the knee.

Question 9

What is the pectoralis major?

Answer 9

In the upper part of the chest at the front.

Help too adduct the arm at the shoulder.

Question 10

What is the external obliques?

Answer 10

Muscles on the side of the abdomen.

Help too pull the chest downwards, also flex and rotate the spinal column

Question 11

What is the external obliques?

Answer 11

Muscles on the side of the abdomen.

Help too pull the chest downwards, also flex and rotate the spinal column.

Question 12

What is the tibialis anterior?

Answer 12

Muscles that run down the shin.

Help pull the toes towards the shin.

Question 13

What are hip flexors?

Answer 13

Musles that sit deep in the front of the hip and connect the leg.

Help flex the hip, also help the leg and knee up towards the body.

Question 14

What is an antagonistic pair?

Answer 14

Muscles that work together to create a movement.

The muscle that does the work is called the agonist, the muscles that relaxes is called the antagonist.

Question 15

What are the main examples of antagonistic pairs?

Answer 15

Bicep + Tricep (elbow)
Hamstring + Quadricep (knee)
Gastrocnemius + Tibialis anterior (ankle)
Gluteals + Hip flexor (hip)

Question 16

What are slow twitch (type 1) muscle fibres?

Answer 16

• Slow twitch muscle fibres fit endurance activities as theycan work for long periods of time.
• They’re darker in colour because they contain Myoglobin, a red pigment that transports oxygen to the working muscles.

Question 17

What are muscle fibres?

Answer 17

Muscle fibres make up voluntary (skeletal) muscles that are made up of bundles of individual fibres

Question 18

What are fast twitch (type 2a) muscle fibres?

Answer 18

They are used in anaerobic work which can be improved through high intensity interval training.
Increasing their resistance to fatigue.

Question 19

What are fast twitch (type 2x) muscle fibres?

Answer 19

• They are used in highly explosive anaerobic work that can generate more power than other muscle fibres but fatigue very quickly.
• Suit speed events, such as sprinting or jumping (type Ila and type lIx) are lighter in colour because they don’t use oxygen for energy.