Skin Path Flashcards
What are three cell types in skin?
1-squamous cells
2-basal cells
3-melanocytes
What are three types of appendage glands found in skin?
1-Apocrine (sweat milky odor)
2-Eccrine (thermo control)
3-Sebaceous (oily sebum for lubrication and prevent water loss)
Which lesion is flat, circumscribed and less than 5 mm?
Macule
Which lesion is an elevated dome or flat topped and less than 5 mm?
Papule
Which lesion is an elevated dome more than 5 mm?
Nodule
Which lesion is elevated, flat topped and more than 5 mm?
Plaque
Thickened skin due to repeated rubbing is called?
Lichenification
Discrete, pus-filled raised lesion is called?
Pustule
Dry, plate-like excrescence, imperfect cornification is called?
Scale
A Fluid filled raised area, <5 mm is called?
Vesicle
The loss of intercellular adhesion keratinocytes (epidermis falls apart and sloughs off) is called?
Acantholysis
Diffuse epidermal hyperplasia (thicker than normal) is called?
Acanthosis
Traumatic breakage of the skin (from intense scratching)
is called?
Excoriation
A fluid-filled raised area, >5 mm is called?
Bulla
Abnormal keratization, deeper in epidermis than normal is called?
Dyskeratosis
Hyperplasia of stratum cornum is called?
Hyperkeratosis
Intercellular edema of epidermis is called?
Spongiosis
Surface elevation caused by hyperplasia is called?
Papillomatosis
What hypersensitivity reaction is mediated by antigens, is an IgE response and is treated with antihistamines?
Urticaria (Hives)
What condition can be associated with asthma or allergic rhinitis and is a hypersensitivity reaction that is often delayed?
Eczematous dermatitis
Cellular memory of the reaction so that future contacts cause an increased dermatitis reaction is called?
Allergic contact dermatitis
Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a life threatening example of what hypersensitivity reaction to infection, or drugs?
Erythema Multiforma
What skin condition is characterized by well-marked pink to salmon colored plaques, can be treated with NSAIDS and immunosuppressents and can increase risk for heart attacks and arthritis?
Psoriasis
What skin condition is found in middle age in the extremities and oral cavity and has lace-like wickham striae hyperkeratosis?
Lichen Planus
Staph or strep infections on the face of a young child with honey color crusted-pustules is called?
Impetigo
*use topical antibiotics such as tetracycline
Which infections are often in immunocompromised patients and have erythematous macules that are often pruritic?
Fungal (ring worm, candida)
Which infections are contagious by direct contact, can auto-innoculate and are epidermal hyperplasia causing papillo mitosis?
Viral (Warts, HPV)
Painful flaccid blister like deep erosions with crusts after rupturing is called?
Pemphigus
*hypersensitivity
What are the main Herpes viruses?
1-HSV1 (oral)
2-HSV2 (genital)
3-Zoster (Vericella zoster causing shingles and chicken pox)
Which herpes virus is unilateral with dermatomal distribution and is a rash that burns and itches but is not contagious?
Vericella Zoster Virus
Openend comediennes are _____ while closed ones are______
Blackheads
Whiteheads
Gland rupture with inflammation around hair follicles that are caused by blocked hair follicles and sebaceous glands are characteristic of what?
Acne Vulgaris
*can be caused by hormone changes
What are 5 treatments for Acne Vulgaris?
1-antibiotics (tetracycline) 2-keratolytics 3-drying agents 4-vitamin A (topical and systemic-Accutane) 5-UV exposure
What condition is found in young women as follicular papules, vesicles and pustules caused by long term steroid use, cosmetics or hormonal changes?
Perioral Dermatitis
What benign neoplasm is ran to dark brown and has a stuck on appearance?
Seborrhea Keratosis
What pre-malignant lesion is related to UV exposure and appears brown to red?
Actinic keratosis
Which lesion has well defined borders and is not predisposed to cancer?
Melanocytic Nevi
Which sporadic lesions have irregular, asymetric borders?
Dysplastic Nevi
*more than 10 increases risk for melanoma
What are 3 common Malignant skin cancers?
1-Basal cell carcinoma
2-Squamous cell carcinoma
3-Melanoma
Which Malignant skin cancer is most common, least aggressive and is most common malignancy worldwide?
Basal Cell Carcinoma
*Slow growing. Excision is usually curative
Which malignant skin cancer is second most common, intermediately aggressive and is a red scaling plaque?
Squamous cell Carcinoma
*no metastasis, locally aggressive
Which malignant skin cancer is least common, aggressive, caused by UV exposure and genetics and has a poor prognosis if it has metastasized?
Melanoma
*Irregular borders, surface and colors, Rapidly enlarges
