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Disease and Therapeutics > Skin Path > Flashcards

Skin Path Flashcards

1
Q

What are three cell types in skin?

A

1-squamous cells
2-basal cells
3-melanocytes

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2
Q

What are three types of appendage glands found in skin?

A

1-Apocrine (sweat milky odor)
2-Eccrine (thermo control)
3-Sebaceous (oily sebum for lubrication and prevent water loss)

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3
Q

Which lesion is flat, circumscribed and less than 5 mm?

A

Macule

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4
Q

Which lesion is an elevated dome or flat topped and less than 5 mm?

A

Papule

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5
Q

Which lesion is an elevated dome more than 5 mm?

A

Nodule

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6
Q

Which lesion is elevated, flat topped and more than 5 mm?

A

Plaque

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7
Q

Thickened skin due to repeated rubbing is called?

A

Lichenification

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8
Q

Discrete, pus-filled raised lesion is called?

A

Pustule

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9
Q

Dry, plate-like excrescence, imperfect cornification is called?

A

Scale

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10
Q

A Fluid filled raised area, <5 mm is called?

A

Vesicle

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11
Q

The loss of intercellular adhesion keratinocytes (epidermis falls apart and sloughs off) is called?

A

Acantholysis

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12
Q

Diffuse epidermal hyperplasia (thicker than normal) is called?

A

Acanthosis

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13
Q

Traumatic breakage of the skin (from intense scratching)

is called?

A

Excoriation

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14
Q

A fluid-filled raised area, >5 mm is called?

A

Bulla

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15
Q

Abnormal keratization, deeper in epidermis than normal is called?

A

Dyskeratosis

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16
Q

Hyperplasia of stratum cornum is called?

A

Hyperkeratosis

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17
Q

Intercellular edema of epidermis is called?

A

Spongiosis

18
Q

Surface elevation caused by hyperplasia is called?

A

Papillomatosis

19
Q

What hypersensitivity reaction is mediated by antigens, is an IgE response and is treated with antihistamines?

A

Urticaria (Hives)

20
Q

What condition can be associated with asthma or allergic rhinitis and is a hypersensitivity reaction that is often delayed?

A

Eczematous dermatitis

21
Q

Cellular memory of the reaction so that future contacts cause an increased dermatitis reaction is called?

A

Allergic contact dermatitis

22
Q

Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a life threatening example of what hypersensitivity reaction to infection, or drugs?

A

Erythema Multiforma

23
Q

What skin condition is characterized by well-marked pink to salmon colored plaques, can be treated with NSAIDS and immunosuppressents and can increase risk for heart attacks and arthritis?

A

Psoriasis

24
Q

What skin condition is found in middle age in the extremities and oral cavity and has lace-like wickham striae hyperkeratosis?

A

Lichen Planus

25
Q

Staph or strep infections on the face of a young child with honey color crusted-pustules is called?

A

Impetigo

*use topical antibiotics such as tetracycline

26
Q

Which infections are often in immunocompromised patients and have erythematous macules that are often pruritic?

A

Fungal (ring worm, candida)

27
Q

Which infections are contagious by direct contact, can auto-innoculate and are epidermal hyperplasia causing papillo mitosis?

A

Viral (Warts, HPV)

28
Q

Painful flaccid blister like deep erosions with crusts after rupturing is called?

A

Pemphigus

*hypersensitivity

29
Q

What are the main Herpes viruses?

A

1-HSV1 (oral)
2-HSV2 (genital)
3-Zoster (Vericella zoster causing shingles and chicken pox)

30
Q

Which herpes virus is unilateral with dermatomal distribution and is a rash that burns and itches but is not contagious?

A

Vericella Zoster Virus

31
Q

Openend comediennes are _____ while closed ones are______

A

Blackheads

Whiteheads

32
Q

Gland rupture with inflammation around hair follicles that are caused by blocked hair follicles and sebaceous glands are characteristic of what?

A

Acne Vulgaris

*can be caused by hormone changes

33
Q

What are 5 treatments for Acne Vulgaris?

A 
1-antibiotics (tetracycline)
2-keratolytics
3-drying agents
4-vitamin A (topical and systemic-Accutane)
5-UV exposure
34
Q

What condition is found in young women as follicular papules, vesicles and pustules caused by long term steroid use, cosmetics or hormonal changes?

A

Perioral Dermatitis

35
Q

What benign neoplasm is ran to dark brown and has a stuck on appearance?

A

Seborrhea Keratosis

36
Q

What pre-malignant lesion is related to UV exposure and appears brown to red?

A

Actinic keratosis

37
Q

Which lesion has well defined borders and is not predisposed to cancer?

A

Melanocytic Nevi

38
Q

Which sporadic lesions have irregular, asymetric borders?

A

Dysplastic Nevi

*more than 10 increases risk for melanoma

39
Q

What are 3 common Malignant skin cancers?

A

1-Basal cell carcinoma
2-Squamous cell carcinoma
3-Melanoma

40
Q

Which Malignant skin cancer is most common, least aggressive and is most common malignancy worldwide?

A

Basal Cell Carcinoma

*Slow growing. Excision is usually curative

41
Q

Which malignant skin cancer is second most common, intermediately aggressive and is a red scaling plaque?

A

Squamous cell Carcinoma

*no metastasis, locally aggressive

42
Q

Which malignant skin cancer is least common, aggressive, caused by UV exposure and genetics and has a poor prognosis if it has metastasized?

A

Melanoma

*Irregular borders, surface and colors, Rapidly enlarges

Disease and Therapeutics (39 decks)

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