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Disease and Therapeutics > Eye/Ear + Pharm > Flashcards

Eye/Ear + Pharm Flashcards

1
Q

A tumor of the optic nerve in young children is called?

A

Optic nerve glioma

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2
Q

A tumor of the eye in young children is called?

A

Retinoblastoma

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3
Q

A tumor of the optic nerve in an adult is called?

A

Meningioma

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4
Q

A tumor of the eye in an adult is called?

A

Melanoma

*Basal cell carcinoma also possible on Conjuctiva

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5
Q

A pimple like skin infection on or around the eye is called?

A

Sty

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6
Q

What two types of cancers destroy lashes on the eye lids?

A

1-Basal Cell Carcinoma

2-Squamous cell carcinoma

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7
Q

High intraocular pressure in the anterior chamber of the eye is called?

A

Glaucoma

*can damage optic nerve and cause blindness

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8
Q

Which type of glaucoma is often painful, fast developing and occurs when the iris and cornea fuse?

A

Closed-Angle

*requires immediate attention

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9
Q

Which type of glaucoma is the most common, slow developing, is a reduction of drainage and results from a wide space between the iris and cornea?

A

Open-Angle glaucoma

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10
Q

What are 4 risk factors for open-angle glaucoma?

A

1-Age
2-African American
3-Diabetes
4-Hypertension

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11
Q

What measures intraocular pressure?

A

Tonometry

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12
Q

What are 4 drugs used to treat glaucoma?

A

1-Pilocarpine
2-Timolol
3-Lantanoprost
4-Anticholinergic/Stimulants

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13
Q

Which glaucoma drug is a cholinomimetic and contracts the ciliary muscle to increase outflow?

A

Pilocarpine

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14
Q

Which glaucoma drug is a beta blocker and decreases aqueous humor?

A

Timolol

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15
Q

Which glaucoma drug is s prostaglandin and increases outflow of aqueous humor

A

Lentanoprost

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16
Q

Whit glaucoma drug worsens glaucoma?

A

Anticholinergic and amphetamintes

17
Q

What is the 2nd most common cause of blindness behind cataracts?

A

Glaucoma

18
Q

UV exposure, diabetes and steroid use can lead to opaque lenses called what?

A

Cataracts

19
Q

Cotton wool spots from ischemia or micro aneurisms on the retina are called?

A

Background Diabetic Retinopathy

*Hypertensive retinopathy can look like this too

20
Q

Loss of central vision which spreads laterally is characteristic of what?

A

Age-related Macular degeneration

*minimal pharm options, antioxidants may help like Vit C or zinc oxide

21
Q

What are the two types of Age related macular degeneration?

A

1-Wet (quick progressing hemorrhage and fluid behind retina)

2-Dry (cellular debris build up, majority are this)

22
Q

What are 3 main things associated with Macular degeneration?

A

1-Gene polymorphism
2-Smoking
3-Cardiovascular disease

23
Q

What is the most common optic tumor in children?

A

Retinoblastoma

24
Q

Vertigo, hearing loss, nausea, headaches, hearing loss, swimming feeling, and tinnitus are symptoms of what disease that is caused by excess endolymphatic fluid in the inner ear?

A

Meniere Disease

25
Q

What are 4 risks for Meniere disease?

A

1-Abnormal immune response
2-Allergies
3-Head trauma
4-Migraines

26
Q

What are 5 drugs used to meniere disease?

A 
1-Meclizine
2-Diazepam
3-Promethazine
4-Long acting steroids
5-Hydrochlorothiazide

*also some antibiotics such as gentamicin

27
Q

Which drug used for meniere disease is an H1 blocker anticholinergic that depresses the CNS to reduce vertigo?

A

Meclizine (Antivert)

*weak local anesthetic

28
Q

Which drug used for meniere disease is an H1 blocker, anticholinergic used for anti nausea?

A

Promethazine

*previous black box warning for tissue necrosis

29
Q

Which drug used for meniere disease is a diuretic that regulates fluid volume and pressure in the inner ear?

A

Hydrochlorothiazide

30
Q

Dexamethasone is slightly less effective than gentamicin at managing vertigo but is less likely to cause what?

A

Further hearing loss

31
Q

Pain, ear discharge, headache, hearing loss, tinnitus, vertigo, and immobile bulging eardrum are symptoms of what?

A

Otitis Media

*may be mistaken for dental pain

32
Q

______ is the first line treatment for otitis media with _____ added for 2nd line

A

Amoxicillin

Clavulanic acid (augmentin)

33
Q

What are 4 surgical interventions for otitis media?

A

1-Tympanocentesis (aspiration)
2-Myringotomy (incision)
3-Myringotomy with tube insertion
4-Adenoidectomy

Disease and Therapeutics (39 decks)

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