Sensory System

Question 1

The vagus nerve extends from the __ ___ and innervates parts of the heart, ___, ____, ___ and ___

Answer 1

medulla oblongata, liver, intestine, stomach, lungs

Question 2

Nerve that innervates lower limbs and pelvis

Answer 2

sciatic nerve

Question 3

nerve that serves the somatic muscles surrounding the eyes

Answer 3

abducens nerve

Question 4

nerve that serves structures surrounding the eyes and scalp

Answer 4

supraorbital nerve

Question 5

The path of vision is from the ___ to the ___ to the ___ to the ___

Answer 5

cornea, pupil, lens, retina

Question 6

The eye is surrounded by the ____ a connective tissue layer, and beneath this is the ___, a ___ layer providing blood and nutrition to the retina

Answer 6

sclera, choroid, vascular

Question 7

The cornea ____ light, the pupil’s diameter is controlled by the ___ ___, the lens’ thickness is controlled by the ___ ___ and is responsible for ___ ___. The retina contains ____ cells

Answer 7

focuses, coloured iris, cillary muscles, focusing images, light-sensitive

Question 8

responsible for perceiving high intensity illumination and are sensitive to colour

Answer 8

cones

Question 9

receptor to low intensity light and do not perceive colour

Answer 9

rods

Question 10

Rods perceive light via the pigment ___ which when struck by photons of light, causes ___ transduced into a neural action potential sent to the brain

Answer 10

rhodopsin, hyperpolarization

Question 11

Photoreceptor cells synapse to ___ ___ which synapse to __ ____. Axons of these cells bundle to form the __ ___.

Answer 11

bipolar cells, ganglion cells, optic nerve

Question 12

the point at which the optic nerve exits; no photoreceptors are found

Answer 12

blind spot

Question 13

An area with the most dense concentration of cones and is important for high acuity vision

Answer 13

fovea

Question 14

The __ __ is a jelly like liquid between the lens and retina that maintains eye ___ and has optical properties. It makes up most of the eye ____

Answer 14

vitreous humor, shape, volume

Question 15

The __ ___ is a watery liquid that fills the anterior chamber between the lens and the cornea. The produces this in order to maintain __ __ and provide nutrients to the ___ ___ ___

Answer 15

aqueous humor, intraocular pressure, avascular ocular tissues

Question 16

nearsightedness; cannot see far away objects; due to too strong lens or too long eye

Answer 16

myopia

Question 17

farsightedness; cannot see close up object; due to too weak lens or too short eyes

Answer 17

hyperopia

Question 18

irregularly shaped cornea

Answer 18

astigmatism

Question 19

When the lens becomes opaque and light cannot enter

Answer 19

cataracts

Question 20

An increase in pressure of the eye due to blocking of outflow of aqueous humor

Answer 20

glaucoma

Question 21

The outer ear contains the __ / ____, and the __ ___ which directs sound into the middle ear.

Answer 21

auricle, pinna, auditory canal

Question 22

The middle is responsible for __ ___. The ___ ___ (eardrum) begins in the middle ear and vibrates at the same ___ as the incoming sound. This leads to the three tiny bones, the ___, ___, and ____, which makes up the ossicles.

Answer 22

amplifies sound, tympanic membrane, frequency, malleus, incus, stapes

Question 23

In the inner ear, the waves move through the ____ due to the vibration of the ossicles exerting pressure on the ____. As the wave moves through alternating pressures, motion is created along the __ ___. This movement is detected by ___ ____ of the organ of ____. The transduced neural signal creates an action potential.

Answer 23

cochlea, fluid, basilar membrane, stereocilia cells, corti

Question 24

The inner ear also contains the __ __ which are responsible for balance, as the fluid and hair cells sense ___ and ___.

Answer 24

semicircular canals, orientation, motion