Animal Behaviour Flashcards
simple reflexes involve __ and ____ nerves and the response to the stimulus is controlled at the __ ___
afferent, efferent, spinal cord
complex responses are automatic responses to ___ stimulus. These are _____ because the nerves are separated by an ____. These are controlled at the ___ __ or ____
significant, slower, interneuron, brain stem, cerebrum
behaviours that are innate or inherited
instinct
innate behaviours that follow a regular, unvarying pattern
fixed action patterns
fixed action patterns are initiated by a specific stimulus called a __ __. This is called a ___ when it is between members of the same species. The pattern will be complete even if the original stimulus is ___ or the original ____ of the behaviour cannot be fulfilled
sign stimuli, releaser, removed, intent
innate program for acquiring specific behaviours only if the appropriate stimulus is experienced during the critical / sensitive period; once acquired, is irreversible
imprinting
when an animal associates landmarks with a specific location
spatial learning
when an animal is exposed to a new situation yet they still perform a behaviour that generates a positive outcome
insight
an undirected change in the speed of an animal’s movement in response to a stimulus
kinesis
a directed movement in response to a stimulus; either toward or away from it
taxis
Chemicals that trigger reversible behavioural changes
releaser pheromones
Chemicals that cause long term physiological and behavioural changes
primer pheromones
Pheromones can act as __ __, __ ___ and accelerate __ __
sex attractants, territory markers, reproductive maturity
Some advantages of herds, flocks and schools are ____, _____, and __ of young
concealment, vigilance, defence
behaviour that consists of threats, aggression and submission; due to competition; ritualized to prevent long injuries and time in contests
agonistic