Photosynthesis Flashcards
A biological process done by plants and some bacteria and protists that captures energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy
photosynthesis
photosynthesis reaction
6CO2 + 6H2O, –> C6H12O6 + 6O2
___ is an organelle found in most plants, and photosynthetic ___ and ___. They contain light absorbing pigments like ____, which drive the synthesis of __ ___ from CO2 and water
chloroplasts, protists, bacteria, chlorophyll, organic compounds
The chloroplasts has both and __ and __ membrane that are smooth, and an __ ___ between them
inner, outer, intermembrane space
the cytoplasm of the chloroplast
Stroma
Structures that connect the thylakoids together
stroma lamellae
Thylokoids are __ __ structures that look like flattened disks. The space inside the thylakoids are called the __ ____. A stack of thylakoids is called a _____
membrane bound, thylakoid lumen, granum
Embedded in the ___ __ is chlorophyll, which has a __ __ like hemoglobin, with a ____ atom in the center. When ___ from lights excites electrons to higher levels this is used to drive the photosynthesis reaction. __ and ___ are the most effect and __ is the least
thylakoid membrane, porphyrin ring, Mg, photons, red, blue, green
_____ ___ involves pigments like chlorophylll which are contained in large proteins called _____.
light-dependent, photosystems
photosystem 2 initially captures the __ __, and starts the process of __ ___ ___ __. It is primarily used to generate ____. Photosystem two absorbs in the ____.
light energy, high energy electron transfer, ATP, 680nm
Photosystem I gets the ____ from photosystem II and boosts them again to produce a high energy electron carrier called ____. PS1 absorbs in the ____
electrons, NADPH, 700
When photons from sunlight excite ___ in the photosystem II, they boost them to a higher __ __. The excited electron is passed to the __ __ ___. The primarily acceptor will pass the electron through the __ __ __. The ETC pumps H+ protons from the __ into the ___ ___. ___ ____ is driven by the established proton gradient and catalyzes the reaction of ADP to ATP. This ATP generated is used ___ for photosynthesis, as H+ flow back out into the stroma through ATP synthase ___their concentration gradient
electrons, energy level, primary electron acceptor, electron transport chain, stroma, thylakoid lumen, ATP synthase, exclusively, down
During ____, water is split by the action of light. This produces ___, ____ and ___. The first is used in the concentration gradient, the second can then be excited by light, and the third produces ___ that will be released as a ___ ___
photolysis, hydrogen, electrons, O2, oxygen, waste product
The electrons passed from the ETC are now in a __ __ state and arrive at photosystem I. ___ from light then excite the electrons again to a higher energy level. The electron is passed to an ____ __, and travels down another ETC. The electron is now combined with ___ to form ____.
low energy, photons, electron acceptor, NADP+, NADPH
In ___ photophosphorylation, unlike non cyclic photophosphorlyation, only ___ __ is used. The electrons are excited once again by photons from light and are passed ___ to the ETC to pump H+ ions. This is then used to generate ____. The electron then travels back to photosystem one
cyclic, photosystem I, back, ATP