Section 5.5 (Exam 1)

Question 1

Why was compartmentalization so advantageous for cells?

Answer 1

Compartmentalization allowed for ideal environments to be maintained in areas specialized for different tasks.

In addition, reactions were more efficient because all of the necessary chemicals were concentrated in the correct places, rather than having to search around for them.

Question 2

How did compartmentalization happen?

Answer 2

Endosymbiosis, and also inner folds in the cell membrane engulfed genetic material, creating the nucleus.

Question 3

Which theory proposes that mitochondria and plastids arose when one cell engulfed another?

Answer 3

the theory of endosymbiosis

Question 4

Many of the ingested cell’s genes during endosymbiosis were transferred to the host’s DNA, but some symbionts retained _________________.

Answer 4

specialized functions and the ability to replicate independently