Section 1.1 (Exam 1)

Question 1

Common characteristics = ___________________________

Answer 1

Common Ancestors

Question 2

Earth formed how many years ago?

Answer 2

4.5~4.6 billion years ago

Question 3

Life evolved how many years ago?

Answer 3

4 billion years ago

Question 4

Events necessary for life to evolve in the beginning

Answer 4

Nucleic acids that reproduce for protein synthesis and biological molecules being enclosed by membranes made of fatty acids

Question 5

Organisms all used to be

Answer 5

Single cell and prokaryotes

Question 6

Bacteria and Archaea led to the evolution of

Answer 6

Eukarya

Question 7

What happened 2.5 billion years ago?

Answer 7

Photosynthesis occurred for the first time (by organisms like cyanobacteria), introducing oxygen and changing life of Earth

Question 8

What did photosynthesis’ evolution change about the organisms on Earth?

Answer 8

Introduction of oxygen led to aerobic metabolism instead of anaerobic metabolism

Question 9

What is metabolism?

Answer 9

Chemical reactions within cells that convert food into energy

Question 10

What happened 500 million years ago?

Answer 10

Oxygen accumulated and led to the formation of the ozone layer, which absorbs UV radiation, lowering temperatures and allowing life to move to land

Question 11

Cell specialization helped multicellular organisms do what?

Answer 11

Grow larger and become more efficient and gathering resources and adapting to their environment

Question 12

Similar cell types develop together into?

Answer 12

Tissues

Question 13

Different tissue types develop together into ________ for specific functions, which can then be grouped into ____________________________.

Answer 13

Different tissue types develop together into organs for specific functions, which can then be grouped into organ systems.

Question 14

What must organisms acquire from their environment to survive?

Answer 14

Nutrients

Question 15

What types of work does the body do?

Answer 15

Work, biochemical work, electrical work

Question 16

Breaking down nutrients provides raw materials for the manufacturing of __________________________ and _________ to do work.

Answer 16

Breaking down nutrients provides raw materials for the manufacturing of organism’s structures and energy to do work.

Question 17

Maintenance of the narrow range of conditions in the internal environment

Answer 17

Homeostasis

Question 18

What is the function of sensory mechanisms?

Answer 18

Allow us to sense the world around us

Question 19

What is the function of effector mechanisms?

Answer 19

Makes you perform actions in response to things that are sensed.

Question 20

What is the function of signaling mechanisms?

Answer 20

They help the sensory information be communicated to the effector mechanisms, which then take action.

Question 21

Groups of living organisms of the same species are __________.

Answer 21

Populations

Question 22

Populations of species that live and interact in a defined area form a _________.

Answer 22

community

Question 23

Major ecosystems that cover broad geographic areas with distinctive physical features and communities are known as ________.

Answer 23

biomes

Question 23

Communities together with their physical environments constitute a(n) _______________.

Answer 23

ecosystem

Question 24

All of the biomes on our planet make up the __________.

Answer 24

biosphere