Section 5.4 (Exam 1)

Question 1

___________________ are secreted to the outside of the cell membrane.

Answer 1

Extracellular structures

Question 2

What do the extracellular structures consist of in eukaryotes?

Answer 2

Fibrous macromolecules embedded in a gel-like medium.

Question 3

What are structures made from cellulose fibers embedded in other complex polysaccharides and proteins called?

Answer 3

Plant cell walls

Question 4

Adjacent plant cells are connected by cell membrane-lined channels. What are they called?

Answer 4

Plasmodesmata

Question 5

What is the function of plasmodesmata?

Answer 5

Permit movement of water, ions, small molecules, RNA, and proteins.

Question 6

What is the function of plant cell walls?

Answer 6

Provide rigid yet flexible support for the plant.
Are a barrier to disease organisms.
Contribute to plant form as growing cells expand.

Question 7

Animal cells are surrounded by an __________________________ composed of fibrous proteins such as ______________, gel-like _______________________, and other proteins.

Answer 7

Extracellular Matrix (ECM); collagen; proteoglycans

Question 8

What is the function of the ECM?

Answer 8

Holds cells together in tissues.
Contributes to properties of bone, cartilage, skin, etc.
Filters materials passing between different tissues.
Orients cell movements in development and tissue repair.
Plays a role in chemical signaling.