scrotal problems minus cancer

Question 1

pathology of epididymal cyst

Answer 1

serous filled cysts on the epididymis, usually harmless

Question 2

symptoms of epididymal cyst

Answer 2

painless lump

Question 3

treatment of epididymal cyst if symptomatic

Answer 3

surgical removal

Question 4

risk factors for secondary hydrocele

Answer 4

cancer
trauma
peritoneal dialysis
orchitis

Question 5

pathology of hydrocele

Answer 5

accumulation of serous fluid around testicle often secreted by tunica vaginalis.

Question 6

causes of hydrocele

Answer 6

plugged inguinal lymphatics
excessive production of fluid
defective absorption
reaction to testicular pathology

Question 7

signs of hydrocele

Answer 7

transillumination

Question 8

symptoms of hydrocele

Answer 8

swelling

discomfort

Question 9

complications of hydrocele

Answer 9

rupture

sac may calcify

Question 10

diagnosis of hydrocele

Answer 10

fluctuation positive
impulse on coughing negative
testis cannot be palpated separately
can get above the swelling

Question 11

treatment of hydrocele

Answer 11

aspiration

sclerosing agents such as tetracyclines

Question 12

risk factors for varicocele

Answer 12

smoking

genetics

Question 13

pathology of varicocele

Answer 13

pathological enlargement of the pampniform venous plexus in the scrotum

Question 14

symptoms of varicocele

Answer 14

soft lumps - often left sided

pain or heaviness in scrotum

Question 15

complications of surgery for varicocele

Answer 15

haematoma
hydrocele
infection
injury to testicle

Question 16

diagnosis of varicocele

Answer 16

ultrasound - dilatation of vessels to be greater than 2mm

Question 17

treatment for varicocele

Answer 17

surgery - can be laparaoscopic