pancreatitis Flashcards
acute and chronic
risk factors for acute pancreatitis
high alcohol consumption gallstones hypercholesterolaemia steroids trauma
pathology of acute pancreatitis
acute inflammation of the pancreas and release of exocrine enzymes that cause autodigestion of the organ
signs of acute pancreatitis
hypoxaemia
Grey-Turner’s/Cullen’s if severe (bruising caused by retroperitoneal haemorrhage)
systemically unwell
severe epigastric pain radiating to back relieved by sitting forward
nausea
vomiting
complications of acute pancreatitis
ARDS renal failure hepatic failure splenic artery aneurysm diabetes malnutrition pancreatic necrosis pancreatic pseudocysts
diagnosis of acute pancreatitis
serum amylase 3x normal
serum lipase
US for gallstones
CT
treatment of acute pancreatitis
IV fluids and analgesia ± abs if mild
if severe, send to ITU
surgery if complications
risk factors for chronic pancreatitis
high alcohol consumption
autosomal dominant genetic disease (if onset in childhood)
pathology of chronic pancreatitis
irreversible pancreatic damage due to inflammation caused by tumours, autoimmunity, ischaemia, or pancreatic stones
signs of chronic pancreatitis
diabetes type 1 weight loss upper abdominal pain nausea steatorrhoea
complications of chronic pancreatitis
malabsorption
diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis
serum amylase and lipase
secretion stimulation test
ESR, RF, ANA, smooth muscle antibody
US and CT (speckled calcification)
treatment of chronic pancreatitis
analgesics
surgery - resection or drainage
pancreatic enzyme replacement
