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phase2a medicine > hepatitis > Flashcards

hepatitis Flashcards

1
Q

risk factors for hepatitis A

A

faeco-oral
shellfish
travellers

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2
Q

pathology of hepatitis A

A

RNA virus
incubation period of 28 days
self-limiting

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3
Q

signs of hepatitis A

A 
fever
malaise
anorexia
nausea
arthralgia
jaundice
hepatosplenomegaly
lymphadenopathy
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4
Q

diagnosis of hepatitis A

A

AST and ALT increased 22-40 days after exposure and return to normal 5-20 weeks later
IgM rises from day 25
IgG detectable for life

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5
Q

how can you find out if anyone has ever had hepatitis B?

A

measure total core (IgM and IgG)

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6
Q

risk factors for hepatitis B

A

blood products
IVDU
sexual contact
direct contact

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7
Q

pathology of hepatitis B

A

DNA virus

blood borne

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8
Q

signs of hepatitis B

A

resemble hepatitis A but arthralgia and urticaria are more common

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9
Q

what is used to treat fulminant hepatic failure in hepatitis B?

A

tenofovir

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10
Q

complications of hepatitis B

A 
fulminant hepatic failure
cirrhosis
hepatocellular carcinoma
cholangiocarcinoma
cryoglobulinaemia
membranous nephropathy 
polyarteritis nodosa
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11
Q

diagnosis of hepatitis B

A

test for antibodies
PCR
biopsy

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12
Q

treatment of hepatitis B

A

avoid alcohol
immunise sexual contacts
48 weeks of pegylated PEGinterferon alfa-2a SC injections
supportive treatment and monitor liver function

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13
Q

risk factors for hepatitis C

A 
blood transfusion 
male
IVDU
age (old)
higher viral load
alcohol 
HIV
HBV
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14
Q

pathology of hepatitis C

A

RNA flavivirus

30% patients have spontaneous resolution

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15
Q

complications of hepatitis C

A 
glomerulonephritis
cyroglobulinaemia
thyroiditis
autoimmune hepatitis 
PAN
polymyositis
porphyria cutanea tarda
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16
Q

diagnosis of hepatitis C

A

test for hepatitis C antibodies and RNA

biopsy

17
Q

treatment of hepatitis C

A

quit alcohol

direct acting anti-virals (DAAs)

18
Q

hepatitis D pathology

A

incomplete RNA virus - needs HBV for assembly

transmitted via blood and bodily fluids

19
Q

complications of hepatitis D

A

acute liver failure

cirrhosis

20
Q

diagnosis of hepatitis D

A

anti-HDV antibody

21
Q

treatment of hepatitis D

A

pegylated interferon a
liver transplantation
HBV vaccination as prevention

22
Q

risk factors of hepatitis E

A

older men
associated with pigs
common in Indochina

23
Q

pathology of hepatitis E

A

RNA virus

usually asymptomatic, self-limiting, and acute

24
Q

diagnosis of hepatitis E

A

IgM and IgG
NAAT
test for RNA in blood

25
Q

treatment of hepatitis E in immunocompromised

A

ribavarin

26
Q

other infective causes of hepatitis

A 
EBV
CMV
leptospirosis
malaria
Q fever
syphilis
yellow fever

phase2a medicine (53 decks)

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