bone cancer Flashcards
Pathology, risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment of primary and secondary bone cancer.
which types of primary bone cancer are younger patients more likely to have?
Ewing’s sarcoma
osteosarcoma
differential diagnosis for bone cancer
aneurysmal bone cyst
infection
name the characteristics of a bone tumour with a narrow transition zone
well defined tumour
slow growing
sclerotic
what is a sign of malignancy with bone tumours?
complete cortical destruction
which type of primary bone cancer is an older patient with a history of Paget’s more likely to get?
chrondrosarcoma
how many primary bone tumours are there in the UK every year?
582
symptoms of bone cancer
bone pain that increases over time fatigue weight loss pathological fractures anaemia swelling
what imaging questions should you ask when looking at bone tumours?
- location
- tumour-bone interaction n
- bone-tumour interaction
- matrix
diagnostic tests for bone cancer
XR PET scan bone scintigraphy (technetium) immune-histochemistry genetic tests whole body MRI for staging
treatment of bone cancer
chemotherapy radiotherapy bisphosphonates (for bone loss) strontium-89 for pain amputation limb sparing surgery thermal ablation
name the different types of benign bone tumour
name at least 3
osteoma osteoid osteoma osteo-chrondroma osteomyelitis-blastoma enchrondroma giant cell tumour of bone aneurysmal bone cyst fibrous dysplasia
name the different types of malignant bone tumour
osteo-sarcoma
Ewing’s sarcoma
chrondrosarcoma
fibrosarcoma
which cancers commonly metastasise to bone?
breast bronchus thyroid kidney prostate
characteristics of breast cancer met in bone pain
pain worse at night and eased with activity or constant pain worse with activity
name the different types of periosteal reaction from least to most malignant
solid
lamellated
sunburst
Codman’s
