inflammatory bowel disease Flashcards
Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.
pathology of ulcerative colitis
mucosal inflammation, ulceration, and dilated lumen
(no granulomas)
only goes as far as the caecum
acute complications of ulcerative colitis
toxic dilatation
perforation
haemorrhage
dehydration
chronic complications of ulcerative colitis
anaemia
liver disease
malignant change (increased risk of cancer)
diagnosis of ulcerative colitis
contrast XR colonoscopy biopsy stool and blood culture CRP and U&E
treatment of ulcerative colitis
symptom relief
risk factors for Crohn’s disease
male
pathology of Crohn’s disease
thickened bowel wall transmural inflammation granulomas scarring and fibrosis leads to decreased surface area for absorption typically terminal ileum affected
signs of Crohn’s disease
abdominal pain
intestinal obstruction
mostly terminal ileum
skip lesions
complications of Crohn’s disease
increased risk of adeno-carcinoma malabsorption (due to resection) fissures and fistulae toxic dilatation perforation haemorrhage deposition of amyloid protein (rare)
diagnosis of Crohn’s disease
blood tests stool MRI (fistulae) colonoscopy rectal biopsy
treatment of Crohn’s disease
surgical resection
symptom relief
risk factors for irritable bowel syndrome
stressful event
infection
family history
symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome
stomach pain or cramps
bloating
diarrhoea
constipation
complications of irritable bowel syndrome
flatulence
life limitations due to highly specific diet
diagnosis of IBS
rule out infection, coeliac, and IBD
