more kidney disease Flashcards
Glomerular disease and polycystic kidney disease.
nephritic syndrome risk factors
SLE
IgA nephropathy
signs of nephritic syndrome
proteinuria
hypertension
azotemia (high nitrogen in blood - e.g. from urea)
oliguria
symptoms of nephritic syndrome
haematuria
blurred vision
diagnosis of nephritic syndrome
urinalysis
blood
kidney biopsy
treatment of IgA nephropathy
steroids
immunosuppression
ACEi
treatment of nephritic syndrome
antihypertensives
anti-inflammatory medication
how is nephritic syndrome different to nephrotic syndrome?
there are RBCs in urine
risk factors for nephrotic syndrome
kidney damage
pathology of nephrotic syndrome
a collection of symptoms due to kidney damage
epithelium is injured
signs of nephrotic syndrome
breathlessness oedema proteinuria hypoalbuminuria hyperlipidaemia
complications of nephrotic syndrome
hypertension
blood clots
infection
loss of binding protein
diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome
urine testing - protein on dipstick
kidney biopsy
treatment of nephrotic syndrome
treat underlying cause
manage hypertension
manage hypercholesterolaemia
risk factors for PKD
genetic - either ADPKD (milder) or ARPKD
pathology of PKD
renal tubules become structurally abnormal leading to the development of multiple cysts throughout the kidney –> tubules become functionless
symptoms of PKD
headaches haematuria polyuria abdominal pain back pain
complications of PKD
hypertension due to RAAS malfunction
cysts may proliferate in other organs (e.g. pancreas and liver)
diagnosis of PKD
MRI
CT
US
physical tests
treatment of PKD
dietary changes to slow the progression
dialysis
transplant
