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9th Grade Flashcards > Science 10.2-all 11 > Flashcards

Science 10.2-all 11 Flashcards

1
Q

the most important cause of magnetism in magnetic materials

A

electron spin

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2
Q

produced by the motion of electrons and other charged particles

A

magnetic fields

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3
Q

a group of aligned atoms having a single magnetic field

A

domain

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4
Q

theory that explains why a magnet works

A

domain theory

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5
Q

describes substances that have no unpaired electrons and are always slightly repelled by either pole of a magnet

A

diamagnetic

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6
Q

describes substances that have only one unpaired electron and are weakly attracted to magnets

A

paramagnetic

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7
Q

describes substances that have several unpaired electrons and are strongly attracted to magnets

A

ferromagnetic

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8
Q

describes substances that can be quickly magnetized even in a weak magnetic field

A

magnetically soft

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9
Q

magnet made from magnetically soft material

A

temporary magnet

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10
Q

describes materials whose domains strongly resist changes in the direction of their magnetic fields

A

magnetically hard

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11
Q

magnet made from magnetically hard material

A

permanent magnet

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12
Q

magnetizing by stroking an object with a magnet

A

magnetizing by contact

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13
Q

temporary magnetization caused by placing an object within a magnetic field

A

magnetizing by induction

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14
Q

magnetizing caused around a wire by electricity flowing through a wire

A

magnetizing by electricity

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15
Q

a device that produces a strong magnetic field when electricity passes through it

A

electromagnet

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16
Q

the rule stating that if the thumb of the left hand is pointed along a wire (or other conductor) in the direction of electron current, the fingers encircle the conductor in the direction of the generated magnetic field

A

left-hand rule

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17
Q

a magnetically soft material placed within the coils of an electromagnet in order to strengthen its field

A

core

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18
Q

three ways to increase magnetism

A

add a core, increase current, add coils

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19
Q

the temperature at which ferromagnetic material’s domains disappear

A

Curie point

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20
Q

the resistance of a magnet to be demagnetized by a magnetic field

A

coercivity

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21
Q

piece of magnetic material that you lay across the top of two magnets when they are stored

A

keeper

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22
Q

force on an electric charge moving in a magnetic field that causes the charge to deviate from its original path

A

deflecting force

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23
Q

a navigational device consisting of a magnet free to swing horizontally so that it always points north

A

magnetic compass

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24
Q

was a British pioneer of electrostatics and discovered that a compass points north because it is guided by earth’s magnetic field

A

William Gilbert

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25
Q

the book in which William Gilbert published his findings on magnetism

A

De Magnete

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26
Q

the deviation of a compass needle from true north

A

angle of declination

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27
Q

a line connecting points of equal declination

A

isogonic line

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28
Q

a line connecting all points of 0 declination

A

agonic line

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29
Q

the phenomenon in which a compass constructed with a magnet that swings vertically instead of horizontally points in the angle at which the lines of flux enter the earth

A

inclination

30
Q

a line connecting points of equal inclination

A

isoclinic line

31
Q

an isoclinic line where the angle of inclination is 0°

A

magnetic equator

32
Q

a device that produces static electricity

A

electrostatic generator

33
Q

a high-voltage electrostatic generator that is the most common type in use today

A

Van de Graaff generator

34
Q

Electric charge always moves to the _____ of the charged object

35
Q

the large discharge of static electricity between the ground and a cloud during a thunderstorm

36
Q

a device that protects buildings and other structures from lightning strikes by directing the charge away from easily damaged building materials

A

lightning rod

37
Q

an eerie blue glow that appears around pointed objects during storms

A

St. Elmo’s Fire

38
Q

is actually a natural electrostatic phenomenon called corona discharge

A

St. Elmo’s Fire

39
Q

an early device that used a foil-lined jar to store electric charge

A

Leyden jar

40
Q

discovered the Leyden jar

A

Musschenbroek

41
Q

a device used to store a static electric charge

42
Q

the method of reproducing images on paper using electrostatics

A

xerography

43
Q

the first electric light suitable for household use

A

incandescent lamp

44
Q

invented the incandescent lamp

A

Thomas Edison

45
Q

produces light by passing an electric current through a long tube filled with a low-pressure mixture of vapor and argon

A

fluorescent lamp

46
Q

replaced incandescent lamps; coiled tubes about the size of a regular incandescent bulb and operate the same way as the long tubes but can be used in sockets designed for incandescent bulbs

A

CFL (compact fluorescent lamp)

47
Q

electric discharge lamp filled with neon gas instead of mercury vapor

48
Q

semiconductor device that emit light when a direct electric current is applied

A

LED (light-emitting diode)

49
Q

True or False: Electricity can produce magnetism, and magnetism can produce electricity

50
Q

a device that converts electricity to back-and-forth motion

51
Q

an American inventor, scientist, and artist best known for his invention of the telegraph

A

Samuel Morse

52
Q

a device for communicating over long distances by means of electromagnets that essentially consists of a switch (key), a long wire, and an electromagnet as the receiver

53
Q

an electrical switch operated by an electromagnet

54
Q

a device that converts pulses of electricity into sound waves

A

loudspeaker

55
Q

a device for converting electricity into motion

A

electric motor

56
Q

In DC, the ______ switches the current in the armature, allowing for continued repulsion of like poles

A

commutator

57
Q

a non-rechargeable electrochemical cell in which a chemical reaction produces electricity

A

voltaic cell

58
Q

the current-producing electrochemical cell that can be recharged with electricity from an outside current source

A

storage cell

59
Q

the electrode through which electrons exit an electrochemical cell; the negative terminal

60
Q

the electrode through which electrons enter an electrochemical cell; the positive terminal

61
Q

one or more electrochemical cells connected to terminals as a single source of current

62
Q

cells can be arranged in ____ to boost the voltage

63
Q

cells can be arranged in ____ to boost the current

64
Q

the ability of magnetism to convert mechanical motion into electric current

A

electromagnetic induction

65
Q

The strength of an electromagnetically induced current can be increased by:

A
  1. faster motion
  2. stronger magnetism
  3. more coils
66
Q

a device that uses electromagnetic induction to produce electricity

67
Q

A (1) uses electricity to produce movement, whereas a (2) uses movement to produce electricity

A
  1. electric motor
  2. generator
68
Q

a device in which a conducting fluid passes through a magnetic field at high speed to generate electricity

A

(magnetohydrodynamic) MHD generator

69
Q

a device that increases or decreases the voltage of alternating current using electromagnetic induction

A

transformer

70
Q

where is electric charge most concentrated?

A

at a point

71
Q

_____ made the production of electricity practical

A

generators

72
Q

just cause I’m curious to see how many people get frustrated at this card:

A

GOOD LUCK!!!!

9th Grade Flashcards (76 decks)

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