Geography Test Nine Weeks Flashcards
geography is defined as _______
the study of the earth
the seven continents
Asia, Africa, Australia, Antarctica, Europe, North America, South America
the shape and elevation of the land
topography
horizontal lines on a map
latitude
the line of longitude that divides the earth in half
prime meridian
vertical lines on a map
longitude
line of latitude that divides the earth in half
equator
the most prominent landform on earth
mountain
has a broad, flat top with gorges and canyons cutting through them
plateaus
similar to a plateau, but smaller; flat tops and steep sides that are round or oblong in shape
mesa
tucked between mountain and hills; low shadowy places
valleys
triangular-shaped landform where a river fans out into smaller streams before it reaches the ocean
delta
the changes that take place in the lower part of the earth’s atmosphere in a localized area during a short period of time
weather
involves certain patterns of weather which occur over a long period of time in a particular region
climate
flat, rolling lands with few changes in elevation
plains
three forms of precipitation
rain, ice, snow
height above sea level
elevation
examples of renewable natural resources (know at least 3)
soil, air, trees, waterpower, wind, solar
examples of nonrenewable resources
iron, bauxite ore (aluminum), petroleum, coal
way of life for a group of people
culture
when a country and its people derive most of their income from agriculture
agrarian economy
depends on the production of manufactured goods
industrial economy
depends on the transfer of high technology such as computer software
information-based economy
the art of making maps
cartography
a systematic study of a nation’s population which includes counting the people and recording various facts about them
census
tells what the map is portraying
title
helps determine distances
scale
explains what the symbols, lines, and colors represent
key (legend)
separates Asia from Africa
Suez Canal
highest point in Asia
Mt. Everest
lowest point in Asia
Dead Sea
largest peninsula in the world
Arabian Peninsula
island chain
archipelago
the largest archipelago
Malay Archipelago
the world’s largest archipelago is made up of _________
Malaysia and Indonesia
named for its fruitfulness and shape
Fertile Crescent
marks the beginning of nations
the dispersion from Babel
capital of Israel
Jerusalem
most foreign nations recognize ______ as Israel’s capital
Tel Aviv
Lebanon’s capital that had to be rebuilt after a civil war
Beirut
The main religion in Asia is ______ and its followers are called ______
Islam and Muslims
city in Jordan that is made completely out of rock
Petra
directed the invasion of Kuwait
Saddam Hussein
temporary rivers
wadis
launched the deadly attack against the United States in September 2001
Osama bin Laden
the “Empty Quarter”
Rub’ al Khali
Saudi Arabia is named after ___
the Al-Saud family
Turkey’s largest city
Istanbul
the point that Noah’s ark supposedly landed on
Mount Ararat
Mount Ararat is in _____
Turkey
formerly known as Persia
Iran
took over Iran and reinstituted Islamic law and established a dictatorial government that stopped Iran’s progress as a modern nation
Ayatollah Khomeini
Joseph Stalin came from _____
Georgia
birthplace of Western civilization
Europe
five large peninsulas in Europe
Iberian, Balkan, Jutland, Italian, Scandinavian Peninsulas
Europe’s largest island
Great Britain
Europe’s westernmost island
Iceland
the highest peak in Europe
Mount Elbrus
setting for most of Europe’s population, industry, and agriculture because of its fertile soil
Northern European Plain
Europe’s longest river
Volga River
Europe’s second longest river
Danube
largest Greek island
Crete
highest peak in Greece
Mount Olympus
Greece’s largest lowland area
Thessaly
Italy’s most famous active volcano
Mount Vesuvius
two tiny countries that share Italian culture and are in the borders of Italy
San Marino and Vatican City
Europe’s most important inland waterway
Rhine River
Western Europe’s largest agricultural producer
France
Switzerland is made up of 26 ______, which are small, partially self-governing districts
cantons
separated Germany into two sections
Berlin Wall
land that the ingenious Dutch have wrestled from the sea by building dikes and dams and draining the water from it with pipes driven by windmills
polder
Europe’s leading port
Rotterdam
major center of banking and finance in Europe
Luxembourg
the British Isles’ longest river
River Shannon
the world’s deepest freshwater lake
Lake Baikal