Health Exam Flashcards
provides medical care for women during and after pregnancy
obstetrician
treats diseases and disorders of the endocrine system
endocrinologist
treats diseases of the teeth and gums
dentist
treats diseases and disorders of the digestive system
gastroenterologist
treats diseases and disorders of the cardiovascular system
cardiologist
treats bone and joint injuries and disorders
orthopedist
prevents and corrects improperly aligned teeth
orthodontist
treats diseases and disorders of the nervous system
neurologist
treats skin diseases and disorders
dermatologist
nerves that branch from the spinal cord
spinal nerves
nerves that branch directly from the brain
cranial nerves
most important and complex part of the nervous system
brain
controls bodily functions including speech, muscles, senses, and memory
brain
actual nerve cells of the body
neurons
consists of the bones of the skull, vertebral column, hyoid bone, ribs, and sternum
axial skeleton
consists of the pectoral girdle, upper appendages, pelvic girdle, and lower appendages
appendicular skeleton
the body’s largest artery
aorta
largest internal organ of the body
liver
organ whose most important digestive function is secreting bile
liver
muscular tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach
esophagus
controls involuntary muscles and activities in your body such as breathing and heartbeat
brain stem
controls skeletal muscles during complex movement such as running and swimming
cerebellum
involved in conscious thought, memory, and interpreting sensory information
cerebrum
a serious reduction in the body’s water content
dehydration
red, swollen, hot, itchy skin
dermatitis
provides primary care for infants and children
pediatrician
the ability of a muscle to extend easily through its full range of motion
flexibility
allows the widest range of motion (joint)
ball and socket joint
allows only a rotating movement (joint)
pivot joint
most basic form of emergency signal
“three of anything”
fatlike substances typically insoluble in water
lipids
building blocks that make up proteins
amino acids
inability to focus on distant objects (nearsightedness)
myopia
provide most of the body’s nutritional needs
carbohydrates
hardest substance in the body
enamel
“master gland”
pituitary gland
sensory nerves responsible for sensations of touch and pressure
mechanoreceptors
never participate in wilderness or winter sports or activities ______
alone
below normal body temperature
hypothermia
freezing of body tissue
frostbite
baby not yet born that has passed the most important period of growth (week 9)
fetus
a cluster of cells is considered a(n) ____ after implantation occurs
embryo
chemical and physical processes by which the body “burns” food and generates energy
metabolism
muscles that decrease the angle between the bones of a joint
flexors
muscles that increase the angle between the bones of a joint
extensors
tough, white, outermost layer of the eye
sclera
opening of the eye through which light enters
pupil
colored part of the eye
iris
leading cause of death / accidental injury in the US
motor vehicle crashes
body’s largest veins
venae cavae
large, spongy organs located inside the thoracic cavity on either side of the heart
lungs
a tough cord that attaches a muscle to a bone
tendon
a place where two bones are connected
joint
tough, slippery covering that cushions the ends of bones in a joint
cartilage
fibrous connective tissue that fastens bones together
ligament
thick bundle of nerve fibers located within the spinal cavity
spinal cord
technique used in cold water to keep heat from escaping
HELP position (Heat Escape Lessening Posture)
technique used in choppy water to prevent water from entering the mouth or nose
survival float
technique used when overtired or cramping
back float
swimming in place
treading water
occurs when eyes cannot focus perfectly at any distance; sometimes because of abnormally shaped cornea
astigmatism
rigid ring of thick bone that supports most of the body’s wight
pelvic girdle
muscles wasting away due to lack of use
atrophy
enlargement of muscles through use
hypertrophy
emergency response for tornado
go to underground shelter / lowest floor and crouch next to a wall in a room with no windows
emergency response for earthquake
stand in doorway and crouch under a table or desk ; stay away from glass doors and windows
emergency response for flash flood
stay away from cars - don’t drive in flash flood, it will pull you to deeper water and you’ll drown
nerve endings sensitive to chemicals
chemoreceptors
nerve endings sensitive to heat and cold
thermoreceptors
study of the structure, functions, disorders, and diseases of the muscular system
myology
study of the heart and the body’s network of blood vessels and their functions
cardiology
study of anatomy in relation to movement, especially the mechanics of human motion
kinesiology
study of the skeletal system and its disorders and diseases
osteology
study of the structure, functions, disorders, and diseases of the digestive system
gastroenterology
study of the respiratory system’s structure, functions, disorders, and diseases
pneumology
exercise where you exert as much force as possible against a resistance that moves at a more or less constant speed
isokinetic
exercise that involves little or no outward movement of body parts
isometric
exercise that involves exerting a more or less constant force against a movable resistance
isotonic
means “without”
an-
refers to the arm
brachia
refers to cancer
carcino-
refers to the heart
cardio-
means “killing”
-cide
refers to something that produces
-gen
refers to the liver
hepat- , hepato-
means “condition”
-ia
means “inflammation”
-itis
means “fat or fatty”
lip- , lipo-
means “dark”
melan- , melano-
refers to muscle
my- , myo-
refers to the eye
-op , -ops
means “disease”
-osis
refers to the bones
osteo-
means “heat”
therm- , thermo-
