Health 63-70

Question 1

The study of the nervous system—its struc­ture, functions, disorders, and diseases

Answer 1

neurology

Question 2

consists of the brain and spinal cord

Answer 2

CNS

Question 3

consists of the nerves

Answer 3

PNS

Question 4

the actual nerve cells of the body

Answer 4

neurons

Question 5

three parts of the neuron

Answer 5

cell body, dendrites, axons

Question 6

refers to the nervous system

Answer 6

neuro-

Question 7

the most important and complex part of the ner­vous system

Answer 7

brain

Question 8

controls bodily functions including speech, muscles, senses, and memory

Answer 8

brain

Question 9

involved in conscious thought, memory, and interpret­ing sensory information

Answer 9

cerebrum

Question 10

controls skeletal muscles during complex move­ments such as running and swimming

Answer 10

cerebellum

Question 11

controls involuntary muscles and activities in your body such as breathing and heartbeat

Answer 11

brain stem

Question 12

largest part of the brain

Answer 12

cerebrum

Question 13

associated with per­sonality, judgment, and self­ control. The rear portion (motor area) controls volun­tary movement of skeletal muscles

Answer 13

frontal lobes

Question 14

analyze the senses and allow you to feel sensations such as tem­perature, pressure, and pain and to make judgments about such things as shape and texture

Answer 14

parietal lobes

Question 15

responsible for vision

Answer 15

occipital lobes

Question 16

associated with the senses of hearing, taste, and smell

Answer 16

temporal lobes

Question 17

second largest part of the brain

Answer 17

cerebellum

Question 18

all nerve fibers connecting the (1) and (2) must pass through the (3)

Answer 18

1. brain
2. spinal cord
3. brain stem

Question 19

intricate network of neurons that serves as the “master switch” of the cere­brum

Answer 19

reticular formation

Question 20

part of the brain that helps generate and regulate emotions and coordinate overall brain activity

Answer 20

limbic system

Question 21

The means that your brain uses to commu­nicate with the body is the ______, a thick bundle of nerve fibers located within the spinal cavity

Answer 21

spinal cord

Question 22

In emergency situations, the spinal cord can process nerve impulses and signal your muscles to jerk the affected body part away from danger without waiting for the brain to respond, allowing you to react more quickly; this process is known as a ______

Answer 22

reflex

Question 23

means “less than, beneath, or below”

Answer 23

hypo-

Question 24

1. nerves branching from the spinal cord are called ____
2. nerves branching from the brain are called ____

Answer 24

1. spinal nerves
2. cranial nerves

Question 25

living sensors in your body that provide info about the condition of the world around you or your body

Answer 25

sensory receptors

Question 26

bare nerve ending that reacts to a particular type of strong stimulus

Answer 26

pain receptor

Question 27

means “mechanical,” or having to do with physical forces

Answer 27

mechano-

Question 28

means “heat”

Answer 28

therm- , thermo-

Question 29

means “chemical”

Answer 29

chem- , chemo-

Question 30

The sensory receptors responsible for sensa­tions of touch and pressure

Answer 30

mechanoreceptors

Question 31

respond to heat and cold

Answer 31

thermoreceptors

Question 32

Nerve endings sensitive to chemicals

Answer 32

chemoreceptors

Question 33

the white of the eye

Answer 33

sclera

Question 34

transparent portion of the eye

Answer 34

cornea

Question 35

colored part of the eye

Answer 35

iris

Question 36

the opening through which light enters the eye

Answer 36

pupil

Question 37

means “hard”

Answer 37

scler- , sclero-

Question 38

The part of the eye that focuses the rays of light which pass through it

Answer 38

lens

Question 39

thin layer of light­ sensitive nerve cells

Answer 39

retina

Question 40

sensitive to light and dark

Answer 40

rod cells

Question 41

sensitive to colors

Answer 41

cone cells

Question 42

Nerve impulses from the rods and cones are sent to the occipital lobe of the brain via a large bundle of nerve fibers called the ______

Answer 42

optic nerve