Health 142-147

Question 1

The study of the immune system—its structure, functions, disorders, and diseases

Answer 1

immunology

Question 2

Organisms such as bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and viruses that cause disease

Answer 2

pathogens

Question 3

The most important components of your immune system are _____

Answer 3

leukocytes (white blood cells)

Question 4

kill pathogens by engulfing and disposing of them

Answer 4

phagocytes

Question 5

transport leukocytes through the body and help cleanse the body of pathogens

Answer 5

lymphocytes

Question 6

means “disease”

Answer 6

patho-

Question 7

refers to something that produces

Answer 7

-gen

Question 8

means “white”

Answer 8

leuk- or leuko-

Question 9

means “eat or eater”

Answer 9

phag or phage

Question 10

mean “cells”

Answer 10

-cytes

Question 11

means “large”

Answer 11

macro-

Question 12

means “water”

Answer 12

lymph- or lympho-

Question 13

means “inflammation”

Answer 13

-itis

Question 14

chemical “alarm signal” released from the leukocytes that cause inflammation of nearby tissue

Answer 14

histamine

Question 15

Y-shaped protein molecules that are produced by B cells and defend against pathogens

Answer 15

antibodies

Question 16

bean-shaped organs which cleanse the lymph of debris and monitor the lymph for signs of infection

Answer 16

lymph nodes

Question 17

a complex network of fluid-filled vessels and chambers that helps transport the white blood cells throughout the body and aids them in cleansing the body of pathogens

Answer 17

lymphatic system

Question 18

the body’s largest lymph organ

Answer 18

spleen

Question 19

elevated body temperature

Answer 19

fever

Question 20

special accumulations of lymphatic tissue in the throat that help defend against infections of the throat and digestive tract

Answer 20

tonsils and adenoids

Question 21

groups of lymphatic tissue located in the wall of the lower small intestine

Answer 21

Peyer’s patches

Question 22

produces white blood cells

Answer 22

bone marrow

Question 23

adjusts hormone levels, raises the body’s temperature to help fight certain kinds of pathogens, and signals the body to rest when necessary

Answer 23

brain

Question 24

secretes tears to wash dust and dirt from the eyes

Answer 24

lacrimal glands

Question 25

filters toxins from the blood and breaks them down for elimination

Answer 25

liver

Question 26

secrete germ-killing antibiotics into the alveoli

Answer 26

lungs

Question 27

acts like flypaper, catching most pathogens before they can enter the lungs

Answer 27

mucous membrane

Question 28

serves as a shield that protects the body from invading pathogens

Answer 28

skin