Respiratory System

Question 1

what is the function of respiratory system?

Answer 1

obtain O2 and get rid of CO2

Question 2

what are the three stages of respiration?

Answer 2

external, internal and cellular

Question 3

what is external respiration?

Answer 3

breathing - exchange between air and alveolar capillaries

Question 4

what is internal respiration?

Answer 4

exchange of gases in blood and body cells

Question 5

what is cellular respiration?

Answer 5

O2 usage within a cell and production of CO2 as waste

Question 6

what organs are in the lower respiratory tract?

Answer 6

trachea, bronchial tree, lungs

Question 7

where does the trachea split into right and left bronchi?

Answer 7

carnia

Question 8

the inner wall of the trachea has __ cells with ___ that sweep particles up towards the pharynx

Answer 8

goblet; cilia

Question 9

when the trachea splits at the carnia, it goes into two ___

Answer 9

bronchi

Question 10

when the bronchi divide into smaller branches, those are called

Answer 10

bronchioles

Question 11

pathway that leads to alveoli

Answer 11

alveolar duct

Question 12

small air sacks in lungs that are the site of gas exchange

Answer 12

alveoli

Question 13

bundle of alveolis

Answer 13

alveolar sac

Question 14

in inhalation, oxygen goes from the ___ to the __, and Co2 flows in the opposite direction

Answer 14

alveoli; pulmonary capillary

Question 15

in exhalation, oxygen goes from the ___ to the __, and Co2 flows in the opposite direction

Answer 15

capillaries; interstitial fluid

Question 16

how many O2’s can one hemoglobin carry?

Answer 16

4

Question 17

CO2 is often loses a ___ ion and becomes ____ for ease of transport, then gains it back to become CO2 again at the lungs

Answer 17

hydrogen; bicarbonate

Question 18

the ____ lung is slightly smaller

Answer 18

left

Question 19

the double membrane around the lung

Answer 19

pleura

Question 20

the two layers of the pleura and their attachment points

Answer 20

visceral - lung
parietal - thoracic cavity

Question 21

what is between the two pleural layers and what fills it? what is its function?

Answer 21

pleural cavity; serous fluid lubricates the layers

Question 22

movement of air from outside body into bronchial tree/alveoli and back out

Answer 22

ventilation

Question 23

in breathing, air moves from places of ____ pressure to ___ pressure

Answer 23

higher; lower

Question 24

alveoli made of this type of epithelial cell

Answer 24

simple squamous

Question 25

In the alveoli, gas exchange occurs across the __ ___

Answer 25

respiratory membrane

Question 26

what are the three parts of the respiratory membrane?

Answer 26

1) alveolar epithelial cells
2) endothelial cells of capillary
3) fused basement layer

Question 27

amount of pressure exerted by each gas is __ __

Answer 27

partial pressure

Question 28

when hemoglobin is bound to oxygen it becomes

Answer 28

oxyhemoglobin