Blood Vessels

Question 1

This type of smooth muscle cells regulate blood flow from thoroughfare channel into capillaries

Answer 1

precapillary sphincters

Question 2

Inner layer of blood vessel that has endothelium, basement membrane, lamina propria, internal elastic membrane

Answer 2

tunica intima

Question 3

3 main types of blood vessels

Answer 3

arteries, veins, capillaries

Question 4

this is the function of most arteries

Answer 4

transport O2 rich blood away from heart

Question 5

this is the function of most veins

Answer 5

moving O2 poor blood towards heart

Question 6

smaller blood vessels that run in between veins and arteries

Answer 6

capillaries

Question 7

First branch from the aortic arch is

Answer 7

brachiocephalic

Question 8

these blood vessels are strong and elastic to account for the high-pressure blood they transport

Answer 8

arteries

Question 9

three layers of artery wall

Answer 9

1. tunica interna (inside)
2. tunica media (middle)
3. tunica externa (outside)

Question 10

this arterial layer is thick and made of smooth muscle

Answer 10

tunica media

Question 11

this arterial layer is thin, made of connective tissue and connects the artery to the surrounding tissues

Answer 11

tunica externa

Question 12

What are arteries innervated by, and what kind of impulses do they carry?

Answer 12

vasomotor fibers; sympathetic

Question 13

How do vasomotor fibers help to regulate blood pressure?

Answer 13

stimulation causes vasoconstriction, inhibition causes vasodilation

Question 14

divisions of arteries are called

Answer 14

arterioles

Question 15

as arterioles approach capillaries their walls get

Answer 15

thinner

Question 16

small arterioles have the same layers as an artery except

Answer 16

only one layer of cells for each

Question 17

these are the smallest blood vessels

Answer 17

capillaries

Question 18

the only layer in capillaries

Answer 18

endothelium

Question 19

what happens in capillaries?

Answer 19

substance exchange

Question 20

exchange from inside capillaries to outside is called

Answer 20

filtration

Question 21

exchange from outside capillaries to inside is called

Answer 21

absorption

Question 22

in blood flow, where does filtration happen and what drives it?

Answer 22

arteriolar end of capillary, hydrostatic pressure (blood pressure > colloid osmotic pressure)

Question 23

what is hydrostatic pressure driven by?

Answer 23

blood pumping

Question 24

what is colloid osmotic pressure driven by?

Answer 24

plasma proteins drawing water into capillaries

Question 25

where does absorption happen and what is it driven by?

Answer 25

venular end of capillaries, colloid osmotic pressure (COP > CP)

Question 26

______ fluid leaves capillaries than returns via osmosis

Answer 26

more

Question 27

what picks up excess fluid from capillary exchange and returns it to circulation?

Answer 27

lymphatic vessels

Question 28

what goes from the capillaries into the surrounding tissues?

Answer 28

nutrients, oxygen

Question 29

what cannot diffuse into surrounding tissues from the blood because they're too big?

Answer 29

proteins

Question 30

what gets absorbed from tissues into capillaries

Answer 30

CO2 and wastes

Question 31

how do substances get in and out of capillaries?

Answer 31

slits between cells

Question 32

these are connecting structures from capillaries to veins

Answer 32

venules

Question 33

what are the four ways the walls of veins are different from the walls of arteries?

Answer 33

1. Muscle layer thinner 2. Have valves to prevent backflow of blood 3. Lumens are larger 4. Diameters thicker

Question 34

veins also serve as __ ___, useful when a person is losing blood

Answer 34

blood reservoirs

Question 35

what type of tissue is a capillary?

Answer 35

squamous epithelium

Question 36

blood leaves the heart through the ___

Answer 36

aortic arch

Question 37

if an artery is about to divide and keep its same name, it is called ___

Answer 37

common

Question 38

Answer 38

Question 39

The __ __ ___ vein is right next to the common carotid

Answer 39

right internal jugular

Question 40

The __ ___ are large veins throughout the skull

Answer 40

venous sinuses

Question 41

Answer 41

Question 42

what are the seven arteries in the cerebral arterial circle?

Answer 42

Communicating - 2 Cerebral - 3 Carotid - 1 Basilar - 1 1. anterior communicating 2. internal carotid 3. basilar 4. posterior cerebral 5. posterior communicating 6. middle cerebral 8. anterior cerebral

Question 43

Answer 43

Question 44

Answer 44

Question 45

what is the longest vein in the arm and where is it?

Answer 45

basilic, proximal

Question 46

what is the main artery of the abdominal cavity?

Answer 46

aorta

Question 47

what vein runs in a similar position to the aorta in the abdominal cavity?

Answer 47

inferior vena cava

Question 48

how many main iliac arteries/veins are there?

Answer 48

3 - common, external and internal