Exam 2 - Digestive system - specific chemicals Flashcards
what does pepsin break down?
protein (P for protein)
what helps us digest vitamin B12
intrinsic factor
major part of aqueous component of pancreatic juice
bicarbonate
function of bicarbonate
neutralizing stomach acid going into SI
enzyme that begins to break down starch in saliva
amylase
in the stomach, gastric glands open into lumen as
gastric pits
the stomach’s chief cells make ______, which digest protein in its active form, ___
pepsinogen; pepsin
the stomach’s parietal cells make ______ and ____
hydrochloric acid; intrinsic factor
______ in the stomach is required for vitamin B12 absorption
intrinsic factor
____ and ____ combine to form pepsin in the stomach
pepsinogen, hydrochloric acid
_____ impulses in the stomach releases ACh and gastrin, which stimulates the release of gastric juice
parasympathetic
_____ impulses and and the hormone _____ decrease the release of gastric juice
sympathetic; cholecystokinin (CCK)
the hormone ____ stimulates the gallbladder to contract, the pancreas to release fluid. and also decreases gastric motility
cholecystokinin (CCK)
what are the five digestive components of pancreatic juice?
Bn triple p
- pancreatic amylase
- pancreatic lipase
- nucleases
- proteolytic enzymes
- bicarbonate ions
this pancreatic substance breaks down starches into disaccharides
Pancreatic amylase
this pancreatic substance breaks down triglycerides into glycerol and fatty acids
pancreatic lipase
this pancreatic substance breaks down nucleic acids into nucleotides
nucleases
this pancreatic substance breaks down proteins into peptides
proteolytic enzymes
three types of proteolytic enzymes
Schuyler sisters (and peggy)
- Trypsin
- Chymotrypsin
- Carboxypeptidase
_____ stimulates the release of gastric juice
acetylcholine
these three things stimulate the production of pancreatic juice
secretin
CCK
parasympathetic impulses
what are the six components of gastric juice?
Hicppm (almost like hiccup?)
- mucous
- pepsinogen
- pepsin
- hydrochloric acid
- chemical messengers
- intrinsic factor
what does mucous in gastric juice do?
protects the lining of the stomach
how are gastric secretions regulated?
enhanced by:
-parasympathetic impulses via ACh and gastrin
inhibited by:
-sympathetic impulses when acid enters SI
-fats and proteins in SI releasing CK
What stimulates the release of pancreatic juice?
STIM
-parasympathetic impulses
-acid in duodenum –> secretin –> release of pancreatic juice
-proteins and fats in SI cause CCK to be released, stimulates release
