Exam 2 - Digestive system - specific chemicals

Question 1

what does pepsin break down?

Answer 1

protein (P for protein)

Question 2

what helps us digest vitamin B12

Answer 2

intrinsic factor

Question 3

major part of aqueous component of pancreatic juice

Answer 3

bicarbonate

Question 4

function of bicarbonate

Answer 4

neutralizing stomach acid going into SI

Question 5

enzyme that begins to break down starch in saliva

Answer 5

amylase

Question 6

in the stomach, gastric glands open into lumen as

Answer 6

gastric pits

Question 7

the stomach’s chief cells make ______, which digest protein in its active form, ___

Answer 7

pepsinogen; pepsin

Question 8

the stomach’s parietal cells make ______ and ____

Answer 8

hydrochloric acid; intrinsic factor

Question 9

______ in the stomach is required for vitamin B12 absorption

Answer 9

intrinsic factor

Question 10

____ and ____ combine to form pepsin in the stomach

Answer 10

pepsinogen, hydrochloric acid

Question 11

_____ impulses in the stomach releases ACh and gastrin, which stimulates the release of gastric juice

Answer 11

parasympathetic

Question 12

_____ impulses and and the hormone _____ decrease the release of gastric juice

Answer 12

sympathetic; cholecystokinin (CCK)

Question 13

the hormone ____ stimulates the gallbladder to contract, the pancreas to release fluid. and also decreases gastric motility

Answer 13

cholecystokinin (CCK)

Question 14

what are the five digestive components of pancreatic juice?

Answer 14

Bn triple p

1. pancreatic amylase
2. pancreatic lipase
3. nucleases
4. proteolytic enzymes
5. bicarbonate ions

Question 15

this pancreatic substance breaks down starches into disaccharides

Answer 15

Pancreatic amylase

Question 16

this pancreatic substance breaks down triglycerides into glycerol and fatty acids

Answer 16

pancreatic lipase

Question 17

this pancreatic substance breaks down nucleic acids into nucleotides

Answer 17

nucleases

Question 18

this pancreatic substance breaks down proteins into peptides

Answer 18

proteolytic enzymes

Question 19

three types of proteolytic enzymes

Answer 19

Schuyler sisters (and peggy)

1. Trypsin
2. Chymotrypsin
3. Carboxypeptidase

Question 20

_____ stimulates the release of gastric juice

Answer 20

acetylcholine

Question 21

these three things stimulate the production of pancreatic juice

Answer 21

secretin
CCK
parasympathetic impulses

Question 22

what are the six components of gastric juice?

Answer 22

Hicppm (almost like hiccup?)

1. mucous
2. pepsinogen
3. pepsin
4. hydrochloric acid
5. chemical messengers
6. intrinsic factor

Question 23

what does mucous in gastric juice do?

Answer 23

protects the lining of the stomach

Question 24

how are gastric secretions regulated?

Answer 24

enhanced by:
-parasympathetic impulses via ACh and gastrin

inhibited by:
-sympathetic impulses when acid enters SI
-fats and proteins in SI releasing CK

Question 25

What stimulates the release of pancreatic juice?

Answer 25

STIM
-parasympathetic impulses
-acid in duodenum –> secretin –> release of pancreatic juice
-proteins and fats in SI cause CCK to be released, stimulates release