Exam 2 - Endocrine System - Specific Hormones

Question 1

The hypothalamus’s two main hormones

Answer 1

growth-hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) and growth hormone inhibiting hormone (GHIH)

Question 2

another name for growth hormone inhibiting hormone

Answer 2

somatostatin

Question 3

these six hormones get released from the anterior pituitary

Answer 3

1. growth
2. prolactin (PRL)
3. thyroid-stimulating (TSH)
4. adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
5. follicle-stimulating hormones (FSH)
6. luteinizing hormone (LH)

Question 4

follicle-stimulating hormones (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) are types of

Answer 4

Gonadotropins

Question 5

this hormone is the antagonist for ACTH

Answer 5

corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)

Question 6

this hormone sends signals to kidney to increase water retention, constricts blood vessels and is stored in the posterior pituitary

Answer 6

Antidiuretic hormones (ADH)

Question 7

causes smooth muscle contraction in male and female reproductive tracts, milk ejection from mammary glands, stored in posterior pituitary

Answer 7

Oxytocin (OT)

Question 8

these two hormones are stored in the posterior pituitary

Answer 8

Antidiuretic hormones (ADH), Oxytocin (OT)

Question 9

this hormone stimulates cell division and speeds metabolism, and gets released due to chemicals in the blood

Answer 9

growth

Question 10

this hormone promotes milk following birth

Answer 10

prolactin (PRL)

Question 11

controls release of hormones from thyroid gland

Answer 11

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (thyrotropin or TSH)

Question 12

these hormones control the release of certain hormones from adrenal cortex

Answer 12

Adrenocorticotropic hormones (ACTH)

Question 13

this hormone contributes to egg and sperm development

Answer 13

follicle-stimulating hormones (FSH)

Question 14

this hormone releases eggs from the ovaries

Answer 14

luteinizing hormone (LH)

Question 15

this hormone is found in the thyroid and lowers blood levels for calcium and phosphate by promoting calcium deposition in bones

Answer 15

calcitonin

Question 16

this is the antagonist to the parathyroid hormone

Answer 16

calcitonin

Question 17

two types of thyroid hormone

Answer 17

Triiodothyronine (t3) Tetraiodothyronine (t4 or thyroxine)

Question 18

is t3 or t4 more effective?

Answer 18

t3

Question 19

these hormones increase rate at which cells release energy from carbs, increase rate of protein synthesis, and stimulates breakdown of lipids/fat; they also determine the a person’s BMR

Answer 19

t3 and t4

Question 20

Gets secreted in response to low blood calcium levels - promotes resorption of calcium from bone tissue (inhibits blasts), increases resorption of calcium in kidneys, stimulates excretion of phosphate, stimulates calcitriol in kidneys (increases calcium absorption from small intestine)

Answer 20

PTH (parathyroid hormone)

Question 21

the zona glomerulosa has electrolyte composition hormones, mostly ___

Answer 21

aldosterone

Question 22

the zona fasciculata secretes these two hormones, which help in the metabolism of lipids and proteins, glucose level regulation, decreasing inflammation

Answer 22

cortisol and corticosterone

Question 23

Zona reticularis produces these hormones

Answer 23

adrenal sex hormones

Question 24

This is a major hormone that is not secreted from the hypothalamohypophysial portal system

Answer 24

ACTH

Question 25

this hormone stimulates gluconeogenesis

Answer 25

cortisol

Question 26

this hormone increases sodium content in blood

Answer 26

aldosterone

Question 27

what is the target tissue of glucagon?

Answer 27

liver

Question 28

main hormone responsible for maintaining pregnancy

Answer 28

progesterone

Question 29

what does glucagon do?

Answer 29

stimulates liver to break down noncarbohydrates into glucose

Question 30

what does insulin do?

Answer 30

stimulates cells to absorb glucose and amino acids from blood

Question 31

what are the three hormones released by the thyroid?

Answer 31

t4, t3 and calcitonin

Question 32

what is the function of the hormones found in the thyroid?

Answer 32

helps control metabolism, regulates blood calcium level and bone growth

Question 33

how are t3 and t4 hormones regulated?

Answer 33

anterior pituitary - thyroid stimulating hormone

Question 34

what stimulates calcitonin to be released?

Answer 34

calcium levels in the blood

Question 35

what hormone does the parathyroid release?

Answer 35

parathyroid hormone

Question 36

what stimulates the release of PTH?

Answer 36

levels of calcium in the blood

Question 37

what are three major hormones found in the adrenal glands?

Answer 37

aldosterone cortisol adrenal androgens

Question 38

what stimulates aldosterone to be released?

Answer 38

sodium and potassium concentrations in blood

Question 39

how is cortisol regulated?

Answer 39

corticotropic-releasing hormone (CRH) from hypothalamus and ACTH from ant pituitary

Question 40

how are adrenal androgens regulated?

Answer 40

ACTH from anterior pituitary

Question 41

what do the hormones of the pancreas do?

Answer 41

control levels of glucose in the blood

Question 41

regarding blood surgar levels, what are the two main hormones the pancreas produces?

Answer 41

insulin and glucagon

Question 42

what prompts the release of glucagon and insulin?

Answer 42

glucose levels in the blood