Exam 2 - Digestive system

Question 1

digestion

Answer 1

mechanical and chemical breakdown of foods and absorption of nutrients

Question 2

type of digestion breaks down large pieces of food into smaller

Answer 2

mechanical

Question 3

type of digestion breaks chemical bonds and thereby breaks down large nutrients into smaller ones

Answer 3

chemical

Question 4

the main digestive tract from mouth to anus

Answer 4

alimentary canal

Question 5

4 layers of alimentary canal, from deep to superficial

Answer 5

1. mucosa
2. submucosa
3. muscularis
4. serosa

Question 6

what is the mucosa layer made of?

Answer 6

epithelial tissue

Question 7

what is the function of the mucosa layer?

Answer 7

nutrient absorption, also secrets and protects

Question 8

what is the submucosa made of?

Answer 8

thick connective tissue

Question 9

what three things does the submucosa have inside of it?

Answer 9

blood vessels, small glands, nerve plexus

Question 10

what is the main function of the submucosa?

Answer 10

nourish surrounding layers and transport nutrients away

Question 11

what is the muscularis layer made of?

Answer 11

2 layers smooth muscles - inner circular and outer longitudinal

Question 12

what is the function of the muscularis layer?

Answer 12

Propels food through canal

Question 13

what two types of movement does the muscularis layer produce, and what are their names?

Answer 13

mixing (segmentation) and propelling (peristalsis)

Question 14

wave-like propelling movement

Answer 14

peristalsis

Question 15

what does mixing motion do?

Answer 15

mix chemicals/enzymes with food

Question 16

what is the function of the serosa?

Answer 16

(clue: serosa stands for sex)

protection and lubrication and attachment

Question 17

three stages of swallowing

Answer 17

1. form bolus and tongue forces into oropharynx
2. swallowing reflex
3. transport of bolus from esophagus to stomach

Question 18

what is involved in the swallowing action?

Answer 18

1. SP and uvula block nasal cavity
2. tongue blocks oral cavity
3. epiglottis covers larynx
4. pharyngeal muscles constrict

Question 19

a mix of bolus and gastric juice, gets passed to pyloric region

Answer 19

chyme