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Anatomy and Physiology > Lymphatic System Overview and Organs > Flashcards

Lymphatic System Overview and Organs Flashcards

1
Q

molecule that evokes immune response; only a few that cause transfusion reactions

A

antigen

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2
Q

protein produced by immune system to attack foreign antigens

A

antibody

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3
Q

3 functions of lymphatic system

A
  1. Drain excess tissue fluid from interstitial spaces, eventually returning to blood
  2. Lacteals (vessels) transport absorbed fats to circulation
  3. Lymph nodes defend body against disease
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4
Q

The lymphatic system starts in ___ ___ and ends in ____, where it is returned to the ___

A

tissue capillaries; veins; blood

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5
Q

fluid outside blood vessels

A

interstitial fluid

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6
Q

once lymphatic capillaries drain interstitial fluid, it becomes ___

A

lymph

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7
Q

these are the vessels that transport absorbed fats to circulation

A

lacteals

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8
Q

In a large lymph vessel, what are the 6 main stops of lymph going back to the blood?

A
  1. lymphatic capillaries
  2. lymphatic vessel
  3. lymph nodes
  4. lymphatic trunk
  5. collecting duct
  6. veins
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9
Q

what type of cells are lymphatic capillaries made of?

A

endothelial cells

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10
Q

layers of lymphatic vessels

A
  1. outer tunica externa
  2. middle tunica media
  3. inner tunica interna

has valves

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11
Q

two main collecting ducts

A

thoracic
right lymphatic duct

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12
Q
A

right lymphatic duct

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13
Q
A

thoracic duct

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14
Q

what prevents most of liquid from capillaries from going into lymph vessels?

A

plasma colloid osmotic pressure

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15
Q

what drives tissue fluid into lymphatic capillaries?

A

hydrostatic pressure

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16
Q

what is edema?

A

lymph accumulating in interstitial spaces

17
Q

why does edema happen?

A

interference with flow in lymph

18
Q

muscular activity helps flow of lymph in these four ways

A
  1. skeletal muscle contraction
  2. breathing
  3. smooth muscle walls in vessels
  4. valves preventing backflow
19
Q

What are three examples of unencapsulated lymphatic tissue?

A

tonsils
appendix
peyer’s patches

20
Q

unencapsulated lymphatic tissue associated with digestive, urinary, and reproductive system called:

A

mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)

21
Q

the three encapsulated lymphatic organs are

A

lymph nodes
thymus
spleen

22
Q

Entrance/exit point of lymph node for blood vessels, nerves, efferent lymphatic vessels

A

hilum

23
Q

afferent lymphatic vessels enter lymph node on __ __

A

convex surface

24
Q

lymph nodes contain these two; they filter lymph and remove pathogens

A

lymphocytes; macrophages

25
Q

In a lymph node, unfiltered lymph enters through ____ lymphatic vessels and leaves through ___ lymphatic vessels

A

afferent; efferent

26
Q
A
27
Q

four main functions of lymph nodes

A
  1. filters lymph to remove bacteria and cellular debris
  2. performs immune surveillance
  3. monitors body fluids
  4. Lymphocyte production
28
Q

two types of immune cells in lymph nodes

A

lymphocytes
macrophages

29
Q

what do lymphocytes do?

A

BIOHAZARD DISPOSAL

attack viruses, bacteria, disease-causing cells that enter lymph nodes

30
Q

what do macrophages do?

A

TRASH CLEANUP

eat and destroy foreign particles, debris, damaged cells

31
Q

where is the thymus

A

behind sternum, anterior to aorta

32
Q

what happens to the thymus over a lifetime?

A

shrinks; eventually becomes adipose and connective tissue

33
Q

what is the function of the thymus?

A

secrete thymosins, which influence production of T lymphocytes

34
Q

Thymosins help some of the thymus’s lymphocytes become

A

T cells/T lymphocytes

35
Q

what do T lymphocytes do?

A

help with immunity

36
Q

where is the spleen?

A

ULQ

37
Q

what two types of pulp does the spleen have?

A

red and white

38
Q

what does white pulp have

A

lymphocytes

39
Q

what does red pulp have

A

red blood cells, macrophages, lymphocytes

Anatomy and Physiology (31 decks)

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