Lymphatic System Overview and Organs Flashcards
molecule that evokes immune response; only a few that cause transfusion reactions
antigen
protein produced by immune system to attack foreign antigens
antibody
3 functions of lymphatic system
- Drain excess tissue fluid from interstitial spaces, eventually returning to blood
- Lacteals (vessels) transport absorbed fats to circulation
- Lymph nodes defend body against disease
The lymphatic system starts in ___ ___ and ends in ____, where it is returned to the ___
tissue capillaries; veins; blood
fluid outside blood vessels
interstitial fluid
once lymphatic capillaries drain interstitial fluid, it becomes ___
lymph
these are the vessels that transport absorbed fats to circulation
lacteals
In a large lymph vessel, what are the 6 main stops of lymph going back to the blood?
- lymphatic capillaries
- lymphatic vessel
- lymph nodes
- lymphatic trunk
- collecting duct
- veins
what type of cells are lymphatic capillaries made of?
endothelial cells
layers of lymphatic vessels
- outer tunica externa
- middle tunica media
- inner tunica interna
has valves
two main collecting ducts
thoracic
right lymphatic duct
right lymphatic duct
thoracic duct
what prevents most of liquid from capillaries from going into lymph vessels?
plasma colloid osmotic pressure
what drives tissue fluid into lymphatic capillaries?
hydrostatic pressure
what is edema?
lymph accumulating in interstitial spaces
why does edema happen?
interference with flow in lymph
muscular activity helps flow of lymph in these four ways
- skeletal muscle contraction
- breathing
- smooth muscle walls in vessels
- valves preventing backflow
What are three examples of unencapsulated lymphatic tissue?
tonsils
appendix
peyer’s patches
unencapsulated lymphatic tissue associated with digestive, urinary, and reproductive system called:
mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)
the three encapsulated lymphatic organs are
lymph nodes
thymus
spleen
Entrance/exit point of lymph node for blood vessels, nerves, efferent lymphatic vessels
hilum
afferent lymphatic vessels enter lymph node on __ __
convex surface
lymph nodes contain these two; they filter lymph and remove pathogens
lymphocytes; macrophages
In a lymph node, unfiltered lymph enters through ____ lymphatic vessels and leaves through ___ lymphatic vessels
afferent; efferent
four main functions of lymph nodes
- filters lymph to remove bacteria and cellular debris
- performs immune surveillance
- monitors body fluids
- Lymphocyte production
two types of immune cells in lymph nodes
lymphocytes
macrophages
what do lymphocytes do?
BIOHAZARD DISPOSAL
attack viruses, bacteria, disease-causing cells that enter lymph nodes
what do macrophages do?
TRASH CLEANUP
eat and destroy foreign particles, debris, damaged cells
where is the thymus
behind sternum, anterior to aorta
what happens to the thymus over a lifetime?
shrinks; eventually becomes adipose and connective tissue
what is the function of the thymus?
secrete thymosins, which influence production of T lymphocytes
Thymosins help some of the thymus’s lymphocytes become
T cells/T lymphocytes
what do T lymphocytes do?
help with immunity
where is the spleen?
ULQ
what two types of pulp does the spleen have?
red and white
what does white pulp have
lymphocytes
what does red pulp have
red blood cells, macrophages, lymphocytes
