Blood Types Flashcards
what are the two factors when it comes to blood transfusion compatibility?
blood type (ABO) and blood group (Rh)
what are blood groups (ABO) based off of?
amounts of antigen A and antigen B in RBC membranes and antibodies in plasma
what kinds of antigens/antibodies does type A blood have?
A; anti-B
what kinds of antigens/antibodies does type B blood have?
B; anti-A
what kinds of antigens/antibodies does type AB blood have?
A and B; no antibodies
what kinds of antigens/antibodies does type O blood have?
no antigens; anti A and B antibodies
which blood type is the universal recipient and why?
AB, no antibodies to attack whatever it gets
which blood type is the universal donor and why?
O; doesn’t have antigens, so the recipient’s antibodies don’t have anything to react to
What determines if a person’s blood group is positive or negative?
If they have antigen D in their blood (positive = yes)
under what conditions would a rh-negative person come into contact with rh-positive blood?
transfusion or pregnancy
If a rh-negative mother has a rh-positive baby and is exposed to the baby’s blood during pregnancy, the mother may begin to produce anti-Rh antibodies that will attack future fetuses. This is called
erythroblastosis fetalis/hemolytic disease of fetus
If you don’t make know a person’s blood type, how do you make sure their blood is compatible for a transfusion?
cross-matching
what is cross-matching?
mix recipient serum with donor blood to check for agglutination
in the context of transfusions, what is agglutination?
clumping of red blood cells
antibodies with one blood type will react to antigens of ____ type
same
