Exam 2 - Nervous System - Meninges and Spinal Cord

Question 1

What is the meninges

Answer 1

3 layers of connective tissue surrounding brain and spinal cord

Question 2

What are the three layers of the meninges and where are they?

Answer 2

1. dura matter (outermost - attached to skull)
2. arachnoid matter
3. pia matter (deepest - attached to brain)

Question 3

What is the cavity between the arachnoid and the pia in the meninges?

Answer 3

subarachnoid space

Question 4

the spinal cord is inside the

Answer 4

vertebral canal

Question 5

what is the end of the spinal cord called?

Answer 5

conus medullaris

Question 6

what is the opening at the base of the skull that connects to the spinal cord called?

Answer 6

foramen magnum

Question 7

the spinal cord starts at the ____ and ends at the ____ vertebrae

Answer 7

foramen magnum; 1st or 2nd lumbar vertebrae

Question 8

the PNS spinal nerves after the conus medullaris

Answer 8

cauda equina

Question 9

This type of matter is composed of dendrites, somas, and proximal parts of axons

Answer 9

gray

Question 10

this type of matter is composed of spinal tracts and myelinated axons

Answer 10

white

Question 11

the _____ root is on the posterior side of the spinal cord, and conducts impulses from the ___ to the ___

Answer 11

dorsal; body, brain

Question 12

the _____ root is on the anterior side of the spinal cord, and conducts impulses from the ___ to the ___

Answer 12

ventral; brain, body

Question 13

a spinal nerve is composed of

Answer 13

a ventral and dorsal root

Question 14

spinal nerves exist in this part of a vertebrae

Answer 14

intervertebral foramen

Question 15

the __ ___ innervate muscles and the skin of the back

Answer 15

dorsal ramus

Question 16

the __ __ innervates the lateral and anterior trunk, plus the limbs

Answer 16

ventral ramus

Question 17

there are ____ pairs of spinal nerves

Answer 17

31

Question 18

there are ____ pairs of cervical spinal nerves

Answer 18

8

Question 19

there are ___ pairs of thoracic spinal nerves

Answer 19

12

Question 20

areas that each spinal nerve is innervated in are called

Answer 20

Dermatomes

Question 21

nerves go in and out of the spinal cord through ___

Answer 21

tracts

Question 22

this type of tract carries sensory info to thalamus

Answer 22

Spinothalamic

Question 23

this type of tracts carries motor impulses from cerebral cortex to spinal cord, pass through pyramid-shaped areas in medulla oblongata

Answer 23

Corticospinal

Question 24

Except for the thorax, once nerves leave the spinal cord, they form ___

Answer 24

plexuses

Question 25

What are the three main plexuses that innervate the body?

Answer 25

Cervical Brachial Lumbosacral

Question 26

Which plexuses innervate the muscles and skin of the neck?

Answer 26

cervical

Question 27

Which plexuses innervate the shoulders, arms and hands?

Answer 27

Brachial

Question 28

Which plexuses innervate the legs?

Answer 28

Lumbosacral