Blood Pressure

Question 1

what is blood pressure?

Answer 1

force exerted by blood against inner walls of blood vessels

Question 2

where is blood pressure lowest?

Answer 2

veins

Question 3

Blood pressure usually refers to the pressure in this specific blood vessel

Answer 3

artery

Question 4

the maximum blood pressure reached during ventricular contraction is called

Answer 4

systolic pressure

Question 5

the minimum blood pressure reached during ventricular relaxation is called

Answer 5

diastolic pressure

Question 6

numbers in a blood pressure reading are the ___ pressure over the ___ pressure

Answer 6

systolic; diastolic

Question 7

instrument that measures blood pressure

Answer 7

sphygmomanometer

Question 8

the expansion and recoil of arteries is called a

Answer 8

pulse

Question 9

two common pulse points

Answer 9

radial and carotid arteries

Question 10

Four factors that are directly related to BP

Answer 10

1. cardiac output
2. blood volume
3. peripheral resistance
4. blood viscosity

Question 11

cardiac volume =

Answer 11

stroke volume * heart rate

Question 12

amount of blood discharged from each contraction

Answer 12

stroke volume

Question 13

what are two factors that would lower blood volume?

Answer 13

hemorrhage or dehydration

Question 14

friction between blood and walls of blood vessels is called

Answer 14

peripheral resistance

Question 15

peripheral resistance ___ blood flow, which means BP ____ it

Answer 15

hinders; fights

Question 16

difficulty in which molecules flow past each other

Answer 16

blood viscosity

Question 17

formula for blood pressure

Answer 17

cardiac output * peripheral resistance

Question 18

what two things does the body adjust in order to adjust blood pressure

Answer 18

cardiac output and peripheral resistance

Question 19

where are main baroreceptors locatated?

Answer 19

aortic arch and carotid arteries

Question 20

what are the 4 steps in the cardioinhibitory reflex?

Answer 20

1. baroreceptors sense BP increase
2. baroreceptors send impulses to medulla oblongata
3. MO sends parasympathetic impulses to SA node to slow
4. results in decrease in CO

Question 21

what are the 4 steps in the cardioaccelerator reflex?

Answer 21

1. baroreceptors sense BP decrease
2. BR send info to medulla oblongata
3. MO sends sympathetic impulses to increase heart rate
4. increases CO

Question 22

peripheral resistance goes up with ____ and down with ___

Answer 22

vasoconstriction; vasodilation

Question 23

what are three things that can cause a change in peripheral resistance?

Answer 23

1. sympathetic impulses - vasomotor center in medulla oblongata
2. gasses - CO2, decreased O2 and ph
3. hormones - epinephrine and norepinephrine cause vasoconstriction