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Chemistryyy > respiration bio test > Flashcards

respiration bio test Flashcards

1
Q

word equation for aerobic respiration

A

glucose + oxygen –> carbon dioxide + water

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2
Q

symbol equation for aerobic respiration

A

C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O

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3
Q

equation for anaerobic respiration in animals

A

glucose –> lactic acid (+ energy released)

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4
Q

equation for anaerobic respiration in organisms such as yeast

A

glucose –> ethanol + carbon dioxide (+energy released)

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5
Q

when would an athlete have to respire anaerobically

A

when they were doing high intensity exercise, eg: sprinting

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6
Q

What is the downside of sprinting?

A

due to anaerobic respiration there is a build of lactic acid in the muscles , which lead to muscle fatigue and muscle aching

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7
Q

where does anaerobic respiration occur?

A

in the cytoplasm of cells

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8
Q

where does aerobic respiration occur?

A

in the mitochondria

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9
Q

what do we use the products of anaerobic respiration in yeast for?

A

ethanol is used to make alcoholic drinks and the carbon dioxide is used to make bread rise

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10
Q

other food products that use of anaerobic respiration other than yeast

A

yoghurt, vinegar, cheese

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11
Q

what two main organelles are in plant cells but not in animal cells?

A

chloroplasts - (for photosynthesis) and cell wall which holds the cell in place and keeps its shape

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12
Q

how to tell if you are breathing aerobically (C02)

A

breathe into limewater and if it turns cloudy you are respiring aerobically

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13
Q

how to test you are breathing aerobically (water)

A

check for condension, breathe against a cold surface such as a mirror

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14
Q

what happens if the alcohol level rises too high in anaerobic respiration with yeast?

A

it becomes too toxic and kills the yeast

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15
Q

anaerobic respiration in plants equation:

A

glucose –> ethanol + carbon dioxide (+energy)

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16
Q

where does anaerobic respiration in plants occur??

A

in the roots (in the waterlogged soil)

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17
Q

liquid paraffin, yeast cell experiment, what is the indicator solution in tube b?

A

limewater ( since it tests for carbon dioxide being present)

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18
Q

liquid paraffin, yeast cell experiment, what colour would the limewater be before and after the gas is bubbled through it?

A

colourless and then changes to cloudy in the presence of C02

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19
Q

liquid paraffin, yeast cell experiment, what is the purpose of the liquid paraffin in tube A

A

it prevents 02 from reaching the yeast - creating an anaerobic condition

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20
Q

after vigorous exercise lactic acid is transported to the ? from the ?

A

liver, muscles

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21
Q

what happens once lactic acid has been transported to the liver?

A

lactic acid is oxidised to carbon dioxide and water

22
Q

what does anaerobic mean and what is it

A

it means respiring without oxygen and is the incomplete breakdown of glucose (without oxygen)

23
Q

what does repaying the oxygen debt mean??

A

it means providing the skeletal muscles with enough oxygen to break down all the lactic acid

24
Q

what sort of a molecule is glycogen

A

it’s a polymer molecule

25
Q

what is a polymer molecule

A

a storage molecule

26
Q

where is glycogen found

A

liver and skeletal muscles

27
Q

which hormone promotes glycogen formation

A

insulin

28
Q

when is glycogen used

A

blood glucose levels are low - when fasting or exercising

29
Q

how is glycogen used

A

broken down into glucose which is then used in respiration

30
Q

what is aerobic respiration

A

the complete breakdown of glucose and oxyge

31
Q

which one - aerobic or anaerobic produces more energy

A

aerobic since its the complete breakdown

32
Q

How to answer 6 marker - how does your fitness level affect the changes in breathing rate when exercising

A

answer for during and after exercising and for either unfit or fit person not both

33
Q

how does your fitness level affect the changes in breathing rate when exercising : a fitter person’s heart beats more ? so it has a higher ? volume - more ? per beat so more oxygenated ? and glucose gets to the muscles more ?. Because of this breathing ? can stay lower so can supply same ? of 02 for ? respiration. when exercise stops, person’s breathing rate ? to normal more ?. as there is less oxygen ? to be repaid since they had less ? respiration and due to being fitter have a ? heart rate in general

A

efficiently, stroke, blood, blood, quickly, rate, amount, aerobic, returns, quickly, debt, anaerobic , lower

34
Q

in exercise why does the heart rate increase/ get a lot faster

A

because the heart is having to pump more blood around the body and lungs to gain more oxygen for aerobic respiration, meaning more contractions and more glucose to lungs

35
Q

why does breathing rate increase during exercise

A

because more oxygen is needed for aerobic respiration - also means more oxygen in blood and more carbon dioxide being removed

36
Q

why does breath volume increase during exercise

A

to bring more air into lungs, meaning more oxygen in blood

37
Q

why does level of glucose increase during exercise

A

for more aerobic respiration

38
Q

why does level of glucose increase during exercise

A

increases supply of respiratory substrate

39
Q

what is respiratory substrate

A

the organic nutrients oxidized at the time of respiration

40
Q

metabolism is the sum of all of the ? reactions that happen in a living ?. these reactions include ? of food, aerobic and anaerobic ?, and protein ?. in plants ? is also a part of respiration!

A

chemical, organism, digestion, respiration , synthesis, photosynthesis

41
Q

most of these metabolic ? are controlled by ?

A

reactions, enzymes

42
Q

what does an anabolic reaction do

A

builds things

43
Q

what does a catabolic reaction do

A

breaks things down

44
Q

sugars, amino acids, fatty acids and ? are important in the synthesis and ? of carbohydrates, ? and lipids

A

glycerol, breakdown, proteins

45
Q

what 3 things are glucose converted to in metabolism??

A

starch, glycogen and cellulose

46
Q

what two substances synthesise proteins and are also used to form amino acids

A

glucose and nitrate ions

47
Q

metabolism also ? ? excess proteins to ? urea for excretion

A

breaks down, form

48
Q

what are the correct products of the digestion of a lipid molecule ( ratio) ?

A

3 fatty acids to 1 glycerol molecule

49
Q

the production of an organic compound in a living thing, especially as aided by enzymes - what is this the definition of..?

A

synthesis/ synthesising

50
Q

what 3 ways is energy from respiration used by an organism

A

synthesis reactions, active transport and also to maintain body temperature - ( NOT DIFFUSION!!)

Chemistryyy (47 decks)

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