Key Chemsitry Facts To Know Flashcards

1
Q

What is corrosion

A

The exposure of metals to oxygen, creating a layer of metal oxide

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2
Q

How to work out the number of atoms of an element from its mass and relative atomic mass

A
  • Work out number of moles using n = m/mr
  • multiply no of moles by Avogadro’s number (6.02 * 10^23)
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3
Q

If a question asks you to design a test for something what two things do you need to describe?

A

The steps of the experiment and the observations of what should happen

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4
Q

When measuring the mass of electrodes what two steps do you need to take?

A

Rinse and dry the electrodes
Weigh the mass, using a mass balance

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4
Q

Why can’t sodium be an electrode

A

Because it would react with the ions in the solution to form an ionic compound

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4
Q

When measuring a titration what do you need to include?

A

Write the answer to as many possible figures, eg : 23.60 NOT 23.6

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5
Q

How can you tell in the copper oxide and sulphuric acid when no more copper oxide needs to be added

A

The copper oxide stops fizzing, copper sulphate solution stops changing color and there is excess copper oxide as there is lots of black powder left in the bottom

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5
Q

What happens if a burrette was rinsed and not dried how will it if at all affect the titre volume

A

There will be no change

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6
Q

Ways to make a titration better

A

Do a rough titration and measure it to there and then do it drop by drop
Don’t overfill burrette
Wash out the burrette and dry it

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7
Q

What color is a lithium ion flame

A

Red/crimson

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8
Q

What color is a sodium ion flame

A

Yellow

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9
Q

What color is a potassium ion flame

A

Lilac

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10
Q

What color is a calcium ion flame

A

Brick red

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11
Q

What color is a copper ion flame

A

Blue/green

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12
Q

What happens to copper as it burns in oxygen?

A

Turns black slowly as it’s covered in a black layer of copper oxide

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13
Q

What happens to magnesium as it burns in oxygen?

A

Bright white flame burns , white solid is formed

14
Q

What happens to calcium as it burns in oxygen?

A

Burns with a bright red flame, white solid formed

14
Q

What happens to zinc powder as it burns in oxygen?

A

A bluefish flame is burned, and a white solid is formed

15
Q

What happens to potassium as it burns in oxygen?

A

Burns with a lilac flame, white solid is formed

16
Q

What happens to iron filings as it burns in oxygen?

A

Burns with an orange/yellow flame, a brown solid forms (Fe2O3)

17
Q

Which metals react with acids to form H2

A

Ca, Mg, Al, Zn and Fe

18
Q

Which metals don’t react with dilute acids

A

Copper, silver, gold and platinum

19
Q

Which metals react with steam but not water

A

Aluminum, zinc, and iron

20
Q

Which metals don’t react with water (or steam)

A

Tin, lead, copper, silver, gold and platinum

21
Q

What happens to copper when it is reacted with HCl

A

No reaction

22
Q

How do silver, gold and platinum react with oxygen

A

They don’t!!!

23
Q

How do tin, lead and copper react with O2

A

Slowly - forming a layer of metal oxide

24
Q

Main use for iron and why

A

In construction as krs strong and cheap

25
Q

Main use for Aluminium and why

A

Pilot wires as it is a good conductor of electricity ans a low density

26
Q

What 3 things are copper used for and why

A
  • boilers and hot water pipes as they are unreactive
  • electrical wires (ans some saucepans) as they are excellent conductors
27
Q

How is magnesium different from other alkali/alkaline earth metals when it reacts with water/steam?

A

Magnesium reacts slowly with cold water and fast with steam, whereas the rest all react fast with water