Biology Food Tests And Important Extras

Question 1

what is starch tested by and what is the original colour?

Answer 1

iodine solution, orangey brown

Question 2

what is glucose tested by and what is the original colour?

Answer 2

Benedict’s reagent/ solution, blue

Question 3

what is protein tested by and what colour is it originally?

Answer 3

biuret solution/reagent, it is originally light blue

Question 4

what is lipid tested by and what is the original colour?

Answer 4

ethanol solution, and original colour is colourless

Question 5

what colour would a substance turn if it has starch in it?

Answer 5

blue black

Question 6

what colour would a substance turn if it has glucose in it?

Answer 6

tomato/brick red

Question 7

what colour would a substance turn if it has lipid in it?

Answer 7

milky white

Question 8

what colour would a substance turn if it has protein in it?

Answer 8

pale purple

Question 9

where does the vena cava bring blood from and to?

Answer 9

the body to the right atrium

Question 10

where does the pulmonary artery bring blood from and to?

Answer 10

right ventricle to the lungs

Question 11

where does the aorta bring blood from and to?

Answer 11

left ventricle to the rest of the body

Question 12

where does the pulmonary bring blood from and to?

Answer 12

from the lungs to the left atrium

Question 13

why does magnesium deficiency cause discolouration of leaves?

Answer 13

because it means less or no chlorophyll is made so the leaves turn yellow

Question 14

how does magnesium deficiency cause stunted growth

Answer 14

as there is less chlorophyll, less photosynthesis takes place so less glucose is made - meaning less aerobic respiration for growth. also less amino acids and therefore proteins for growth

Question 15

what does nitrate deficiency cause and WHY?

Answer 15

stunted growth, because nitrate ions are used to make amino acids (which are then made into proteins for growth) which is then used in photosynthesis so help plants grow

Question 16

what is a tissue

Answer 16

a collection of similar/ the same cells

Question 17

why may writers give a biased view of a particular drug?

Answer 17

as writers may get financial gain

Question 18

if a coronary artery is blocked what happens due to lack of oxygen?

Answer 18

more anaerobic respiration, meaning lactic acid buildup and muscle fatigue

Question 19

what else do statins do as well as thinning the blood?

Answer 19

they reduce cholesterol

Question 20

if animals are vaccinated against salmonella, how does it stop humans getting infected?

Answer 20

as after the secondary response - animals are relatively immune, so less bacteria is produced, so doesn’t reach a high enough amount to infect

Question 21

how are bacteria burst by cell lysis

Answer 21

water enters the bacterial cell wall by osmosis so damaged cell wall can’t withstand pressure of water and bursts

Question 22

if there is an increase in muscle mass what does it do to your muscles?

Answer 22

they contract more

Question 23

3 differences between malarial protists and prokaryote?

Answer 23

protist doesn’t have mitochondria
protists doesn’t have plasmids
protists doesn’t have a cell wall

Question 24

in a question about sexual reproduction what word do you ALWAYS need to use?

Answer 24

meiosis and vice versa

Question 25

what causes variation and give two examples?

Answer 25

MEIOSIS - crossing over and random fertilisation

Question 26

in a question talking about photosynthesis what things do you always need to mention?!

Answer 26

products or reactants of photosynthesis

Question 27

Order of zones in a pregnancy test

Answer 27

Reaction, results, control

Question 28

Villi are specialized for ? and have extremely ? walls - are only ? cell thick. They have a plentiful ? supply to maintain a steep ? gradient. The intestine’s villi move in ?, contracting motions.

Each ? is made of a network of blood ? that are responsible for transporting ?like : glucose and ? acids into the blood

Answer 28

absorption, thin, one, blood, concentration, swaying,
villus, capillaries, nutrients, amino

Question 29

3 things prokaryotes DO have and one they DONT??

Answer 29

• ribosomes, plasmids and a circular loop of DNA
• cellulose cell wall

Question 30

two different types of focuses on a microscope

Answer 30

Course and fine

Question 31

what are the lenses on a microscope called?

Answer 31

objective lenses

Question 32

what’s the thing you look through called on a microscope?

Answer 32

eyepiece

Question 33

what moves the stage closer or further from the lenses?

Answer 33

the diaphragm

Question 34

thing that the slide is attached to and way of attaching it?

Answer 34

the stage, and stage clips

Question 35

thing that the slide is attached to and way of attaching it?

Answer 35

the stage, and stage clips

Question 36

light ? used to study living ? and for ? use when relatively low ? and ? is enough

Answer 36

microscopes, cells, regular, magnification, resolution

Question 37

pros and cons of electron microscopes

Answer 37

• higher magnifications and resolutions
• can’t be used to see living cells

Question 38

what are the two different types of electron microscopes and their functions?

Answer 38

• transmission electron microscopes- used to examine thin slices of cells/tissues, maximum magnification of 1,000,000, can reveal structures in cells that light microscopes can’t do , 1nm resolution
• scanning electron microscope - have a large depth of field - can examine surface structure, with 30,000 magnification and 50nm resolution

Question 39

malaria symptoms

Answer 39

chills, fever, sweating, headaches, muscle aches and tiredness

Question 40

what do eyes contain that act as a form of protection?

Answer 40

tears, which are an antiseptic and enzymes that can kill bacteria

Question 41

what cells line the trachea and how do they help protect the body

Answer 41

cilia, move mucus and pathogens towards throat to be swallowed into stomach and then with hcl the stomach destroys pathogens

Question 42

7 differences between xylem and phloem

Answer 42

• xylem : transpiration stream while phloem : translocation
• xylem are dead while phloem are living
• xylem are dead hollow tubes strengthened by lignin, whereas phloem are elongated cells with pores
• xylem transport water and minerals whereas phloem transport sugar
• xylem transport substances in one direction, whereas phloem transport in an active process so in either direction
• xylem transport water from the roots, while phloem transport water from the leaves
• xylem don’t have cytoplasm and are impermeable to water while phloem do have cytoplasm and have sieve plates which allow for some filtration

Question 43

how big are bacteria

Answer 43

Around 1-2 micrometers

Question 44

difference in dna in eukaryotes vs prokaryotes

Answer 44

The DNA in eukaryotes is stored within the nucleus, while DNA is stored in the cytoplasm of prokaryotes

Question 45

what do plasmids do

Answer 45

contain small rings of dna that can replicate and move between cells so that genetic information can be shared

Question 46

how is a root hair cell specialised

Answer 46

has a thin cell wall, large SA, and many mitochondria for respiration

Question 47

what is this the definition of : regulation of the internal conditions of a cell or organism to maintain optimum conditions for function in response to internal and external changes

Answer 47

homeostasis

Question 48

3 levels maintained by homeostasis?

Answer 48

body temp, blood glucose level and water content

Question 49

3 levels maintained by homeostasis?

Answer 49

body temp, blood glucose level and water content

Question 50

how to label brain?

Answer 50

Cerebrum is biggest part
Then looking a bit like a sting ray underneath is the hypothalamus and under that is the pituitary gland
The medulla is under the tail of the hypothalamus
The cerebellum is the weird fossil/ crustacean looking part