RESP 2 Flashcards
causes of lung abscess
symptoms
ix
rx
aspiration. TB. staph/klebsiella pneumonia. foreign body
fever productive cough hallitosos malaise decrease in weight
FBC CRP sputum culture blood cultures
IV amox 3g IV QDS (Aztreoman 1-2mg 6-8 hourly)
chest physio and postural drainage
if suspected gram neg cirpofloxacin 750mg PO BD
rifampicin
isoniazine
pyrazinamide
ethambutol
hep, orange, flu like illness
neuropathy, agranulocytosis, allergic reaction
hep toxicity, gut
colour blindness, arthralgia
extra pulmonary disease
tuberculosis meningitis, Putts disease, cervical LNs, renal disease, GI tract
ix for sarcoid
treatment and when
CXR, FBC, increased calcium, increased ACE, restrictive
Pred if decreased respiratory function, increased calcium, eye heart or neuro involvement
genetic of AA! defic
lung and liver symptoms
ix
rx
AR/codom fasion
pacing emphysema esp in lower lobules. Liver cirrhosis and cancer in adults. in children cholestesis
A1AT concentration, PFTs, CXR, CT chest, LFTs
no smoking, bronchodilators (COPD), hep vaccinations, A1AT injections, surgery, transplant
symptoms of GPA
epistaxis, sinusitis, nasal crusting, dysphonia, haemoptysis, saddle shaped noce, vascular rash, eyes, CN lesions
symptoms of EGPA
asthma, allergic rhinitis, focal numbmess/weakness, nasal dc, petechiae, wheeze
SLE resp
pleurisy, fibrosing alveolitis
upper zones fibrosis
lower zones
EAA, coal workers, sarcoid, ank spond, TB
IPF, CTD, drugs (metho/bleomycin/amiodarone), asbestosis
IPF ix
rx of acute and non acute
prognosis
restrictive. decreased TLCO - impaired gas exchange. HRCT: boney comb thick walled cysts. CXR ground glass -> honeycomb
acute high dose Pred given to see if reversible
non acute: anti fibrinolytic pirefenidine
smoking cessation, pulmonary rehab, consider PPI/O2, lung transplant
EAA symptoms type of hs causes ix rx
fever cough SOB wheeze coarse end resp crackles 4-8h after exposure
3
decreased in smokers. bird fanciers lung avian, farmers lung, malt workers aspergilus, mushroom workers
immunological response to causative agent. FBC no eosinophilia, increased ESR. CXR: upper zone shadows. CT bettie: ground glass opacity. restrictive
prevent exposure. short term prednisolone
coal workers pneumocunosis symptoms
ix
SOB, cough, normal chest exa, severe - black sputum
CXR > CHRT
asbestosis when do you get the disease
what type is the worst
symp
ix
10 years or over
blue
progresssive SOB, clubbing, bilateral end inspiratory crepitations
HRCT>CXR. PFTs
pleural plaques
pleural thickening
asbestosis
mesothelioma
benign don’t become malig. commonest occurrence after latent period or 20-40 years
similar to empyema on haemothorax
lower lobe fibrosis
palliative. poor prognosis
empyema is what cx of what symp ix what means infection treatment
pus in pleural space
pneumonia
swingin feveer
decreased albumin, FBC, increased CRP, CXR, pleural fluid - frank pus >30g/dL
pH <7.2
chest tube drainage and saline. IV cefuroaxime sodium
