REPRO 3 Flashcards
genital warts HPV
6+11
CIN HPV
16 + 18 70%
12 other high risk types 30%
risks for cervical cancer
15-24yo
HPV, increased number of sexual partners, age at first intercourse, long term use of oral contraceptive, no use of barrier protection, smoking, immunosuppression, cervical warts
what does screening detect
pre cancerous changes
who is screened
25-50 yo 3 yearly
50-64 5 yearly
CIN is where
symp
what is it
at transitional zone
asymp
dysplasia of normal cells
CIN 1
CIN 2
CIN 3
1/3 of epithelium
middle 1/3
full thickness of epithelium
what doe koilocytes indicate
HPV infection
HPV vaccine protects against what and is given to who
6, 11, 16 and 18
young girls 11-13 2 doses
MSM, HIV px
squamous cancer is it the commonest cancer in females
no breast is
second
cervical cancer 1A1 1A2 1B 2A 2B 3 4
1A1 depth 3mm width 7mm 1A2 depth 5mm width 7mm 1B confined to cervix 2A vaginal involvement 2B parametrical involvement 3 lower vagina/pelvic wall 4 bladder/rectum/mets
symptoms of cervical cancer
asymp in early stages
abnormal bleeding, post coital, PMB, contact bleeding, pelvic pain, haematuria, UTIs, ureteric obstruction leading to renal failure
cervical cancer early spread where
cervical cancer late spread where
lymph - pelvic and para aortic nodes
blood - liver, lungs, bones
cervical cancer treatment
LLETz. radio/chemo. surgery
cervical cancer LLETZ bad stuffs
can lead to cervical insufficiency which can lead to preterm labour
CGIN originates from where
whats the difference between this and CIN
endocervical epithelium
more difficult to dx on smear
endocervical adenocarcinoma risk factors
high socioeconomic class, later onset of sexual activity, smoking HPV esp 18, younger px
what has the worst prognosis squamous or adeno cervical cancer
adeno
cervical erosion is what
exposure to endocervical tissue to acid environment of the vagina
sqmaous metaplasia common
risk factors for cervicsl erosion
symp
hormonal changes - young
Preg. COCP
non purulent vaginal dc
post coital bleeding
nabothian follicles are what
endocervical glands that have expanded into cysts
can form masses or polyps
what is the risk of cervitis
can cause infertility to due simultaneous silent tube damage
causes of cervitis
HIV. chlamydia. follicular cervitis.
what is a cervical polyp
symp
bening localsied inflam outgrowh
bleeding if ulcerated
does pagets disease of the vulvar have underlying cancer
where does it arise form
no most of the time
sweat glands in skin
symp of pagets
rx
crusting rash, tumour cells in epidermis. contains mucin. pain. itch
excise
young and VIN
older and VIN
multifocal. recurrent or persistent causing rx problems
greater risk for invasive squamous carcinoma
is VIN HPV related
yes often
vulvar invasive squamous carcinoma who symp where does it arise from what is it prognostic factor and prognosis rx
older
ulcer or exophytic mass
normal epithelium or VIN
well differentiated
inguinal node spread if yes <60% 5yS if no 90%
radical vulvectomy +/-inguinal lymphadectomy
VaIN
may also have cervical and vulvar lesions
VA SC
less common than vulvar and cervical
vaginal melanoma
rare
may appear as polyp
