MSK 5 Flashcards
cause of MCL what else can happen symptoms treatment in acute chronic MCL instability ix
valgus stress
ACL rupture
laxity on valgus stress. and pain. tender on origin of lig
hinged knee brace. RICE rest ice compression elevation
NSAIDs. physio
MCL tightening or reconstruction with graft
USS
LCL cause what else cn happen often seen in what high incidence of what complete rupture treatment late treatment
varus stress
PCL
PCL or ACL injury. instability on rotational movement
common perineal nerve injury
urgent repair if early
reconstruction with hamstring or other tendon
ACL cause symptoms what do 50% have ix and on examination ACL reconstruction other treatment
high rotational force. sports
pop heard felt
haemarthersis in 1hour.
deep pain in knee. knee instability
knee swelling. lachmans test.
USS
with graft
1/3 do well
1/3 freq instability
physio. NSAIDs for pain
PCL caused by what
symptoms
ix
treatment
hyperextension injuries
popliteal pain and swelling. instability and recurrent hyperextension or feeling unstable going downstairs
post drawer test. USS
if multilligament reconstruct
meniscal tear caused by what what happen in older px aged what synmtpons symptoms in NHT where is the blood supply treatment 12 and 3
twisting force on loaded knee. sports injury.
degen in older patients >60s
localised pain to medial (usually) or lateral front line
delayed effusion. pain. catching. instability
acute locked knee. 15 degree springy block - back t extension
only outer 1/3 have blood supply
conservative
arthroscopic repair - extensive repair
arthroscopic meniscectomy
degen in who first stage of what symp cause rx
20% over 50 OA asymp spontanous/small injury, age steroid injection may help. take it out if causing symptoms
AVN is what where is it usually primary causes secondary causes symptoms ix why is MRI preferred treatment pre collapse after collapse
ischaemic necrosis of bone predom in adults
epiphysis of long bones like femur. hip joint
idiopathic
fracture, trauma, alcohol, steroids, chemo, hyperli[pidaemia, thrombophilia
asymp. groin pain
early changes not seen on XR, handing rope sign
drill holes to decompress
THR
trochanter burstitis symptoms
treatment
in who
pain. tender. pain on resisted adduction
analgesia. NSAIDs. physio. steroid injection
women 50-70s
extensor mechanism rupture cause
RF:
symptoms
treatment
fall onto flexed knee with quads contracted
previous tendinitis, steroids, CRF, ciprofloxacin, RA
unusable to straight leg raise
reattachment of tendon to patella
osteochondritis dissend is what symptoms treatment if detaching if detahced
bit of the surface of knee loses blood supply
pain after exercise. intermittent swelling and locking
can heal/resolve spontaneously
pin back into place
remove or fix
severe - cartilage regeneration
osgood scatters in who
sporty teens
pain/tender/swelling over tibial tubercle
hip fracture what on examination
intracapsular and undisplaced
and displaces
extracaspular
shortened and externally rotaed
internal fix. HTA
reduce and internally fix. if old and decreased mobility THR/hemi
dynamic hip screw. intramed device
patellar instability dislocation caused by what always what risk factors ix treatment recurrence rate
rapid turn. rapid blow. tear in medial patellofemoral ligament
always lateral
F>M. adolescents-ligamentous laxity. valgus knee. tibial torsion. high riding patella
skyline XR of patella
may spontaneously reduce. some op stabilisation
20%
patellar dysfunction symtpism
treatment
anterior knee pain. grinding. acute going downhill. clicking sensation at front of knee. stiff after sitting - pseudo locking
physio
chondromalacia patella is what who symptoms cause treatment
softening of cartilage of patella
teen girls
anterior knee pain going up and down stairs and after rising from prolonged sitting
following injury to the knee usually dislocation
physio
