NEURO 4

Question 1

treatment of tonic clon

Answer 1

sodium val
lamotrigene
levitiracotam

Question 2

female and infrequent seizures

Answer 2

lamotrigene as lamot takes 10-12 weeks to nitrate up

Question 3

females and freq seizures

Answer 3

levitiracotam

Question 4

absence seizures treatment

Answer 4

sodium val if tonic clonic as well/ethosuxamide

Question 5

myoclonic treatment

Answer 5

sodium val

clonazepam/lamotrigene

Question 6

what drug causes dizziness and shouldnt be given in elderly patients

Answer 6

levotiracotram

Question 7

bilateral symmetrical 3Hz spike and wave pattern

Answer 7

primary generalised - tonic clonic

Question 8

temporal partial seizure

Answer 8

psychic

Question 9

frontal seizure

Answer 9

motor

Question 10

parietal seizure

Answer 10

sensory

Question 11

occipital focal seizure

Answer 11

eyes

Question 12

treatment for focal seizures

Answer 12

carbamazapine/lamotrigene
sodium val/oxcarbazepine/levetericotram
add on: gabapentin, prcegablin, tiagabine, zonsimide, clonazepam

Question 13

phenytoin

Answer 13

enzyme inducer

Question 14

sodium valproate

Answer 14

weight gain 
teratogenic
alopecia - grows back curly 
ataxia
tremor
hep
pancreatitis
thrombocytopenia

Question 15

carbemazapine

Answer 15

ataxia
leucopenia and agranulocytosis
SIADH
diplopia

Question 16

lamotrigene

Answer 16

steven johnsons syndrome

Question 17

lecetricatoma

Answer 17

mood swings

Question 18

topiramate

Answer 18

sedation
dysphasia
weight gain
not well tolerated

Question 19

what drugs can affect women

Answer 19

carbamazepine, oxacarbazepine, phenobarbitol, phenytoin, pronidone, topiramate

Question 20

how do these drugs affect

what needs to be given if hepatic enzymes are being used in women

Answer 20

alter efficacy of OCP, can’t use implant/POP, increased freq dose of dePO, increase dose of morning after pill

folic acid and vitamin K

Question 21

types of status

Answer 21

convulsive SE
non convulsive - conscious but in altered state
epilepsia portalis continua - continuous facial seizures - consciousness still preserved

Question 22

non epileptic seizures

Answer 22

support
councelling
treatment of anxiety/depression
CBT

Question 23

Dementia MMS

Answer 23

<24

Question 24

primary demential causes

Answer 24

Allz, huntingtons, picks, lewy

Question 25

secondary causes of dementia

Answer 25

vascular, SOL, hydrocephalus, metabolic, infection, trauma, drugs/toxins

Question 26

alzheimers - risk

Answer 26

downs, increase apoldprotein E4

Question 27

lewy body

Answer 27

progressive
fluctuating level of attention
hallucination
parkinsonism

Question 28

how can cortical lewy bodies be picked up

Answer 28

immunochemical staining for the protein ubiquitin

Question 29

huntingotns chromosome
genetics
age

Answer 29

4 defect
ADon
35-50

Question 30

Picks how long does it last

Answer 30

progressive rapidly
50-60s
may last 2-10 y - median is 7yo

Question 31

vascular dementia who

Answer 31

middle ages hypertensives
M>W
depression and anxiety

Question 32

treatment of dementia mild/mod

Answer 32

rivastigamine, donezapil, galantamine

Question 33

memantine is what and when is it used

Answer 33

NMDA receptor antagonist

mod alz and can’t have acetylcholinesterase inhibitor OR severe alzheimers

Question 34

normal pressure hydrocephalus triad

Answer 34

urinary incontinance, dementia, abnormal gait

Question 35

treatment of normal pressure hydrocephalus

risk of this

Answer 35

ventriculoperitoneal shunting

10% - seizures, infection, intracerebral haemorrhage