NEURO 2

Question 1

highest cause of death in <40

Answer 1

glioblastomas

Question 2

glioblastomas

Answer 2

most common primary malignant tumour

Question 3

headache with brain tumrou

Answer 3

worse in morning/cough/sneeze/leaning forward

Question 4

LP in tumour

Answer 4

no do CT first

Question 5

meningiomas

Answer 5

increased in NF2

Question 6

papillary radiation induced meningiomas

Answer 6

part of aggressors

common after childhood leukaemia typically in midline

Question 7

treatment of aggressor meingiomas

Answer 7

pre op embolization
surgery
chemo

Question 8

astrocytic tumours 1 common presentation in children is what and treatment is what

Answer 8

child blind in 1 eye and extreme hunger

surgery curative

Question 9

grade 2 astrocytic

Answer 9

will progress to grade 3/4

Question 10

grade 3 astrocytic

Answer 10

anapaestic

2 year survival

Question 11

grade 4 astrocytic
survival
spread

Answer 11

glioblastoma multiforme
median survival 12-14m
spread white matter tracy/csf

Question 12

treatment of grade 3/4 astrocytic

Answer 12

live longer if MGMT - temozolamide

surgery/chemo/radio post op radio

Question 13

oligodenreal 1 in who

Answer 13

24-45yo and 6-12yo

Question 14

oligo grade 2

rx

Answer 14

malignant conversion
chemo
surgery
radio - controversial but reduces seizures

Question 15

90% of cerebellopontine angle tumours

Answer 15

schwanoma(neuroma)

Question 16

bilateral schwannoma

Answer 16

NF2

Question 17

ix for neuroma/sch

rx

Answer 17

MRI

radio/surgery/gamma knife

Question 18

NF1

Answer 18

cafe au lait >=6 15mm dm
axillary/groin freckles
peripheral neurofibromas
iris haematoma(lisch nodule) >90%
scoliosis
phaeo

Question 19

NF2

Answer 19

bilateral neuroma

multiple intracranial schwannomas/meningiomas/ependymomas

Question 20

pineal tumours who

symp

Answer 20

children

hydrocephalus and symp of increased ICP

Question 21

GCT who and ix

Answer 21

mostly <20s peak in 12yo M>F

CT - mixed histology

Question 22

Germinonas

Answer 22

radiosensitive

Question 23

AFP

Answer 23

yolk sac and teratoma

Question 24

bHCG

Answer 24

choriocarcinoma and germinoma

Question 25

PLAP

Answer 25

germinoma, choriocarcinoma

Question 26

commonest places for MS plaques

Answer 26

periventricular white matter - commonest

optic nerve, corpus callous, brain stem and spinal cord

Question 27

what can MS plaques act like

Answer 27

SOL

Question 28

CSF of MS

Answer 28

90% have oligoclonal bands

increased IgG

Question 29

acute exacerbation of MS

Answer 29

PO methylpred
IV steroids
plasma exchange

Question 30

fatigue

Answer 30

amantadine
modefenic if sleepy
hyperbolic o2

Question 31

pyramidal

Answer 31

OT/physio

Question 32

spasticity

Answer 32

physio
baclofen
gabapentin
botox

Question 33

sensory

Answer 33

gabapentin, amitrip, acupuncture, lidocaine infusion

Question 34

oscillopsia

Answer 34

gabapentin

Question 35

tremor

Answer 35

propanolol

Question 36

LUT

Answer 36

oxybutinin, desmopressin, cathater

Question 37

DMARD 1

Answer 37

interferon B and copoxine

Tecfidera

Question 38

DMARD 2

Answer 38

Tysabri and Lemtrada

Fingolimed PO

Question 39

DMARD 3

Answer 39

metoxontrone

cardiac toxicity related

Question 40

Tysabri

Answer 40

if JC positive -> PML

Question 41

GBS symptoms

rx

Answer 41

progressive weakness in all four limbs starting with prox muscles first
absence of deep tendon reflexes
diplopia

plasma exchange
IV immunoglobulin if no IgA defic and no renal failure