GI 2 Flashcards
peptic ulcer a break in what cause symptoms when should OGD be done diagnosis treatment
break in mucosal surface >5mm
H Pylori assoc with 95% of DU or 75% of GU, NSAIDs, smoking, alcohol
GORD
>55, new onset, dyspepsia, alarm symptoms
stool antigen, C13 breath test, serology
retest breath test
omeprazole and amox (clarithro) and metho BD 7 days.
Neg H Pylori full dose H2/PPI
what is H Pylori
assoc with what
gram neg
PUD, cancer, B cell lymphoma of MALT (eradication of HP causes regression), atopic gastritis
gastritis is what acute causes chronic causes AI is what complications
inflammation of stomach causing mucosal injury
trauma, burns, infection
NSAIDs, alcohol, H Pylori
ABs destroy cells - gastric atrophy
pernicious anaemia and metaplasia, ulcers
gastroperesis is what
symptoms
ix
treatment
delayed gastric emptying not due to obstruction
fullness, bloating, abdominal pain, N/V, weight loss
oesophageal mam
liquid diet, nutritional support, support, gastric pacemaker
GIST is what
linked with what
treatment
mesenchymal tumours
defect of pacemaker cells ICC
Imatinib
MALToma derived from what
involves what
mucosa assoc lymphoid tissue
involve B cells in LNs primarily
gastric cancer in who what on histology RF symptoms ix treatment
70-80s, M>F, japan, china, finland signet cells Pylori, blood group A, polyps, percinous anaemia, smoking diet pain, decrease weight, dyspepsia, vom, virchows node OGD and biopsy <5cm from OGJ total gastrectomy 5-10cm from OGT subtotal chemo pre and post op
commonest cause of gastroenteritis
campylobacter
outbreaks
salmonella E Coli 0157
viral diahhorea in <3s
rotavirus
explosive vom
noravirus
stool PCR
travellers diarrhoea dx
cause
3 watery stools in 24 hours +/- abd cramps, fever, N/V, blood in stool
E Coli commonest cause
acute food poisoning cause
Sa, bacillus ceresus, clostridium perfringes
E Coli incubations how can you get it symp ix VTEC
12-48h
beef, raw milk, water, travellers
watery stools, diarrhoea bloody, abd cramps, N/V
stool toxin
produces venotoxin - haemolytic uraemia syndrome - increased WCC decreased PLT decreased Hb RBC fragments LD > 1.5x normal
staph aureus incur
what producing
symp
1-6w
toxin
severe vom
shigella incub
symp
ix
48-72h
bloody diarrhoea, vom, and pain
stool culture
campylobacter incub get it from where symptoms ix cx
48-72h poultry, raw milk, poor food prep sly like symp, abd pain, fever, bloody diarrhoea stool toxin GBS
bacillus serous incub
what producing
symp
1-6h
toxin
nom within 6 hours of eating rice and diarrhoea >6h later
salmonella incubo
get it form wheere
ix
12-48h
poultry, raw egg, meat
stool culture
typhoid symptoms
ix
treatment
fever, systemically, abdominal pain, constipation/diarrhoea
blood cultures
Ceftriaxone/ciprofloxacin
chloramphenicol
cholera symptoms
treatment
rice water stools, profuse watery diarrhoea, severe dehydration
oral rehydration, azithromycin
giardsis incubation spread by what ix symp treatment
>7d spread cysts in drinking water stool microscopy diarrhoea growth retardation in children metro/tinidazole
cryptosporidium symptoms
ix
rx
watery diarrhoea, severe abd pain, >7d
stool sample
self limiting
amoebiasis incubation
sympt
ix
rx
>7d diarrhoea in infants in low income countries abd tender and decreased weight liver abscess RUQ pain stool micro metro/tinidazole
C Diff description
symptom and risk factors
GP rod, produces exotoxin - pseudomembranous colitis
constipation and overflow diarrhoea and RF : history of recent <3m or current use of antibiotics, prolonged hospital stay, >65, use of PPI/H2, surgical procedure, immunosuppression
ix for C Diff
stool toxin
severity markers
temp >38.5, ileus/colon >6cm on AXR/CT/toxic megacolon/pseuodomembranous colitis, WBC >15x 10^9, CR >1.5 x normal, persisting CDI despite 2 courses of ABs
second episode within 8 weeks severe/nonsevere
Flucloxacillin 200mg BD for 10 days
