MSK 6

Question 1

cervicla spondysis is what
RF:
symptoms

Answer 1

smoking. genetics. job.
increased loading and accelerated OA of facet joints.
slow onset stiffness and pain in neck which can radiate to shoulder and occiput

Question 2

cervical disk prolapse

Answer 2

acute and degenerate disc prolapse can occur in cervical spine
neck pain and potential root compression

Question 3

DCM

Answer 3

neuro signs
autonomic function loss
MRI
urgent decompression surgery

Question 4

cervical instability

Answer 4

downs. RA.

collar. severe - stabilise/fixate

Question 5

risk factors for back pain

Answer 5

<20 or new back pain >50
constant, unremitting, severe, worse at night.
systemic upset.
numb
bower/bladder sympt
history of prev cancer. history of trauma

Question 6

causes of mechanical back pain

treatment

Answer 6

obesity. poor posture. degenerate. facet joint OA .
NSAIDs +/- PPI if over 45
self manage. exercise

Question 7

what is dicogenic pain
caused by what
why is the pain so severe and when is it worse
treatment

Answer 7

acute tear in outer annulus fibrosis of disc
lifting a heavy object
periphery of disc richly innervated - pain v severe, worse on coughing
analgesia. physio. self limiting 2-3 months

Question 8

sciatica is what
symptoms
treatment

Answer 8

nerve root impingement
dermatomal and mytoomla symptoms. decreased reflexes
physio. analgesia. capsaicin if localised or can’t tolerate oral treatments

Question 9

bony nerve root entrapment is what
symptoms
treatment

Answer 9

OA of facet joint - osteophytes impinge on nerve root

nerve root pain and sciatica. surgical decompression and trimming of osteophyte

Question 10

facet joint symptoms

on examination

Answer 10

pain worse in morning and standing

pain over facets and worse on extension of back

Question 11

ank spond in who

symtoms

Answer 11

young man

lower back pain and stiff worse in morning and improves with exercise

Question 12

osteoperotic crush fracture cause
symptoms
treatment
complication

Answer 12

severe osteoporosis
sponeatonous scute pain and kyphosis
conservative
minority - chronic pain

Question 13

cuada equina causes
ix
treatment

Answer 13

large disc prolapse. tumour
PR exam. MRI
prompt surgical intervention

Question 14

spinal stenosis cause 
symptoms 
why do they get better in certain positions 
investigation 
treatment

Answer 14

spondolyiss and bulging discs
distant inconsistant, pain burning, pain less walking uphill/sitting down/leaning forward/crouching down
flavum ligament is stretched when lean forward
MRI. clinical exam normla
conservative - weight loss, physio
decompression surgery laminectomy if MRI proof