GI 1 Flashcards
recurrent pathos ulceration is what
in who
cause
recurrent painful round mouth ulcers with inflam halos
F>M
crohns, idiopathc, iron deficiency, infection, systemic
leukoplakia white cause
if persistent
candida, SLE, mechanical irritation, trauma, oral candidacies form steroids, hairy EBV
alcohol, smoking, pre malignant
erythroplakia is indicative of what
ix
malignancy
biopsy
squamous cell carcinoma of the mouth who
where
prognosis
M>F
floor of mouth/lateral border of tongue, soft areas of mouth high risk
anterior better prognosis than posterior
inhaled steroids oxygen TB CCB nicorandil antihypertensives nutrition deficiency B12 defic iron deficiency
inhaled steroids - candidacies, frail mucosa, angina bulls haemorrhage oxygen - xerostoma TB - granulomatous lesion on tongue CCB - gingival hyperplasia nicorandil - oral ulceration antihypertensives - xerostoma, lichen plans, angioedema nutrition deficiency - oral ulceration B12 defic - glossitis iron deficiency - angular chelitis
HIV/AIDS and mouth
hairy leukoplakia, karposkis, herpes lesions
what is GORD causes symptoms ix treatment
inflammation from oesophagus due to acid reflux
incompetent LOS, smoking, pregnancy, drugs, hiatus hernia
heart burn, regurg, cough, water brash
OGD, barium swallow, pH studies
life style, Gavascon, ranitidine, omeprazole, fundoplication
barrets oesophagus is what RF symp ix for metaplasia and treatment ix for dyplasia and treatment complication
replacement of squamous cells w columnar due to acid damage
GORD, M>F, smoking, central obesity
GORd symp
OGD and biopsy every 3-5y high dose PPI
endoscopic mucosal resection or radiofrequency ablation
oesophageal carcinoma
oesophageal carcinoma where and what kind is more common risk factors symptoms investigations resection with what palliative squamous adeno
middle third. adeno>squamous
smoking, GORD, barrett’s, achalasia, PV syndrome
dysphagia, weight loss, vom, dy[phagia, hoarsenes, cough
OGD. CT chest abdo pelvis.
Ivor Lewis complication is anatomic leak which causes mediastinits which has high mortality
adjutant radio
stenting radio/chemo laser therapy
squamous eastern males 40% in middle
adeno caucasians lower 1/3
what is achalasia who symptoms ix oesophageal mam Ba swallow CXR OGD treatment 3 complication
neuromuscular disorder - failure of oesophageal peristalsis and impaired relaxation of LOS
middle age M=F
intermitten dysphagia pf solids and liquids. variation in symp, regurg, heart burn
mam: excessive LOS with doesn’t relax on swallowing
BS: expanded oesophagus, fluid level, bird beak
CXR: wide mediastinum , fluid level
OGD: exclude malignancy
endoscopy - balloon dilatation botox
surgery heller cardiomyotomy
drugs nifedipine can be tried
malig change in distal oesophagus
pharyngeal pouch/zenkeirs diverticulum is what who symp ix rteatment
protrusion of mucosa
M older
dysphagia, regurg, bulging/gurgling in neck, aspiration, halitosis
barium swallow +/- fluoroscopy
surgical excision of pouch and repair of defect in inferior constrictor
plummer vinson/paterson brown kelly syndrome is what upper oesophegeal web ix treatment complication
web - think extension of normal oesophageal tissue
upper: iron deficiency anaemia and dysphagia
ba swallow, OGD
iron supplements, dilatation of web
malignant change
stricture caused by what
ix
treatment
GORD, trauma (OGD), foreign body, malignant
dysphagia first foods then liquids
OGD, BA swallow
endoscopic dilatation, surgery if unsuccessful
hiatus hernia is what and types who symptms ix treatment complication
herniation of gastro oesophageal junction and/or prox stomach. sliding, rolling, mixed through duodenum
obese over 50 females
asymp. GORD in sliding - just prox stomach
barium swallow, OGD
decrease weight, smoking, GORD, fundoplication
risk of volvulus in rolling
oesophageal perforation causes symptoms CXR shows what what other ix can be done small treatment large treatment
OGD, foreign body, external trauma, post emesis (behaves syndrome), malignancy
chest pain, odynophagia, shock, surgical emphysema air in tissue, systemic sepsis
mediastinal surgical emphysema air/fliud in pleural cavity (neck)
gastrgraffen swallow
small NBM IV fluids IV ABs
large surgical repair
