Resp 2

Question 1

what are guttural pouches

Answer 1

mucosal lined air-filled outpouchings of auditory tubes

Question 2

does pharynx have supportive structures

Answer 2

no, no cartilagenous rings

Question 3

each guttural pouch connects to the

Answer 3

nasopharynx

Question 4

are the GPs open or closed during swallowing

Answer 4

open (equalize pressure)

Question 5

each GP is divided into ___ and ___ compartment. which has more neurovascular structures?

Answer 5

lateral and medial
medial

Question 6

nerves associated with which action are in the medial GP compartment

Answer 6

swallowing

Question 7

the common carotid artery diverges into which vessels as going up neck

Answer 7

internal carotid (goes to GP)
external carotid
occipital artery

Question 8

signs of guttural pouch disease

Answer 8

Epistaxis
Nasal discharge
Dysphagia
Dyspnea

Question 9

Diseases associated w guttural pouches

Answer 9

mycosis
empyema
tympany
OI, OM
cyst, FB

Question 10

describe guttural pouch mycosis

Answer 10

fungal plaques form over vessels

Question 11

why does GPM show epistaxis from both nostrils

Answer 11

caudal to nasal sepctum

c.f. sinus disease will just show on one nostril

Question 12

why take care doing endoscopy for GPM

Answer 12

not to disrupt clot –> fatal bleed

Question 13

GPM tx

Answer 13

surgical occlusion of the artery

Question 14

why don’t occlude just one side?

Answer 14

will cause backlog on other side of circle of willis, must occlude both sides

Question 15

what is guttural pouch empyaema

Answer 15

purulent material (chondroid) in pouch

Question 16

what do you want to test for iwth empyaema

Answer 16

strangles

Question 17

tx for guttural pouch empyaema

Answer 17

flushing +
endoscopic removal

Question 18

what is guttural pouch tympany? who gets it?

Answer 18

gas distension

foals (failure of pressure normalization)

Question 19

signs of GP tympany in foals

Answer 19

milk at nostril (also in cleft palate)
gaseous swelling behind mandible

Question 20

tx for GP tumpany

Answer 20

foley catheter OR surgical fenestration

*allows for pressure equilization

Question 21

temporohyoid osteoarthropathy

Answer 21

progressive dx of middle ear, painful

Question 22

temporohyoid osteoarthropathy - signs

Answer 22

head shaking, ear rubbing, not wanting to be ridden

Question 23

rupture of strap muscles - caused by?

Answer 23

falling over backwards

Question 24

strap muscle fxn

Answer 24

flexure of neck

Question 25

rupture of strap muscles - findings?

Answer 25

bilateral epistaxis
head tilt

Question 26

rupture of strap muscles - tx?

Answer 26

conservative + PRESERVE AIRWAY

Question 27

are horses obligate nasal breathers

Answer 27

yes

Question 28

fxns of the pharynx

Answer 28

deliver air
pathway for food

Question 29

pharynx signs

Answer 29

respiratory noise
exercise intolerance

Question 30

Intermittent Dorsal Displacement of the Soft Palate

Answer 30

soft palate displaces dorsally –> expiratory obstruction + ex intolerance

Question 31

Persistent Dorsal Displacement of the Soft Palate

Answer 31

permenant displacement –> dysphagia

Question 32

Persistent DDSP causes

Answer 32

epiglottic entrapment
ulcer, cyst
neuro dysfxn
Lower airway dx

Question 33

conservative options for DDSP treatment

Answer 33

get fit.
use a tack that keep mouth closed.
tie tongue forward.

Question 34

surgical tx for DDSP

Answer 34

thermal cautery to induce palatal fibrosis

Question 35

signs of DDSP

Answer 35

gurgling on expiration
exercise intolerance

Question 36

nasopharyngeal collapse - who gets?

Answer 36

foals or overweight sports horse