MSK 6

Question 1

who is more likely to get synovial infection - foals or adults

Answer 1

foals

Question 2

what do you look for on joint tap

Answer 2

number of neutrophils
appearance
TP
SAA

Question 3

causes of synovial sepsis in adult

Answer 3

trauma
iatrogenic
extension (cellulitis)

Question 4

signs of synovial sepsis in adults

Answer 4

wound
lameness
heat/swelling

*NO pyrexia

Question 5

what will you see on xray for synovial sepsis

Answer 5

gas in joint

Question 6

how to do synoviocentesis

Answer 6

1. asceptic, remote to wound
2. sedate + local
3. EDTA for cytology

Question 7

what would indicate synovial sepsis:
color
clot formation
TP
Nucleated Cells
% Neutrophils

Answer 7

color - yellow, serosanguinous
clot formation - increased
TP - 30-60
Nucleated Cells - 20+
% Neutrophils - 90

Question 8

iatrogenic bacteria seen in joint

Answer 8

staph aureus

Question 9

tx for synovial sepsis

Answer 9

lavage, remove necrotic bone
AB

Question 10

why are NSAIDs questionable for synovial sepsis

Answer 10

may mask lameness
*can try using SAA as marker instead

Question 11

needle lavage c.f. arthroscopy

Answer 11

needle is cheap/easy, good for acute

but cannot remove pannus/FB, cannot visualize

Question 12

should you do a C&S for synovial sepsis

Answer 12

yes

Question 13

which AB to start w for systemic and IA for synovial sepsis

Answer 13

systemic: penicillin, gentamicin

IA: amikacin

Question 14

other options for local AB besides IA

Answer 14

Regional perfusion (use wide tourniquette)

Impregnated sponges/beads

Question 15

when use IVRP over IA AB

Answer 15

bone or wound infection
foals

Question 16

what is different about foals for synovail sepsis

Answer 16

usually indicate medicaly condition, haematogenous spread.

any foal w infection is at risk

more likely to have osseous involvement

Question 17

types of septic arthritis in foals

Answer 17

S type = synovial
E type = epiphysis
P type = physis (growth retardation)

Question 18

signs of synovial sepsis in foals

Answer 18

lameness
effusion
pyrexia (unlike adult)
multi-systemic dx

Question 19

tx for synovial sepsis in foals

Answer 19

prolonged AB (C&S)
needle lavage
NSAIDs

Question 20

ddx for loss of P3 outline

Answer 20

septic pedal osteitis
keratoma

Question 21

causes of pedal osteitis in foals? adults?

Answer 21

foals - haematogenous, trauma
adults - chronic abscess, WLD, trauma

Question 22

wahts needed for sequestrum formation

Answer 22

loss of blood supply to bone
bacterial contamination