equine 3 Flashcards
when should retained deciduous cheek teeth be removed?
only if they’re loose
2-5 years old
valve vs open diastema
valve= space near gum is wider than near occlusal surface, more likely to catch food
open= equal width
which teeth are most affected by diastema
caudal mandibular cheek teeth
tx for diastema
remove food and odontoplasty
+/- diastema widening and packing OR extraction
dietary management of diastema
switch out long fibers. add milled grass/alfalfa.
encourage grazing
what is chaff? do you want it in diastema diet?
short chopped hay/fiber
no
supernumary cheek teeth is when you have more than ___ in a row. do you need to extract?
6
depends (may just need to remove overgrowth)
periodontal dx in horses c.f. dogs/cats?
initiated in interdental spaces due to feed entrapment (not caused by biofilm )
once PD develops, what happens to horse chewing?
moves from horizontal to vertical
*cycle of inflammation and PD tissue degradation
what is dental carries? 2 types?
demineralization of cementum.
infundibular and peripheral.
infundibular caries arises from
developmental disorder where incomplete filling of infundibula cementum
signs that you need to start restoration for infundibular caries
dark staining around infundibular enamel
peripheral caries arise from
feeding high water soluble carbs
tx for peripheral caries
chlorhex rinse mouthwash
tx for traumatic cheek tooth issues
AB –> extraction if needed
which teeth most commonly gets cheek tooth fracture? what type of fracture?
maxillary (09s)
buccal slab fracture (1st and 2nd pulp chambers)
slab vs sagittal fracture
slab = outter pulp chambers
sagittal = thru infundibula (center)
why only extract loose bit of tooth, not whole thing?
*extract if sagittal midline fracture
prevent drifting of other teeth
signs of periapical infection of cheek teeth
swelling, nasal discharge, pus tracts
what is anachoresis
blood/lymph infection of apical pulp
who usually gets anachoresis
young horses w recent permenant tooth eruption (gets inflammed –> more susceptible)
indications for tooth extraction
Apical infeciton
Sagittal fracture
Retained deciduous
Loose
Impacted
Overgrowth causing trauma
sedation for extraction?
Bolus + CRI of alpha 2 agonist
nerve blocks for cheek teeth
maxillary or mandibular
nerve blocks for inciro
infraorbital or
mental
what is extraction per os
Should be attempted first
Breakdown of periodontal ligament
how to do extraction per os
- elevator for ligament
- Molar spreaders between
- Rotational pressure w forceps until squelching
- Place fulcrum, apply gentle pressure to pull tooth out
- Pack top 2/3 of space (allow granulation from bottom)
If crown if fractured (so cannot grab w forceps), what extraction technique?
minimally invasive transbuccal –> repulsion (hammer from other side)
with acute pulp exposure, perform a pulpotomy, where remaining healthy pulp is capped with ____ to induce production of _______.
calcium hydroxide
tertiary dentine
when do to pulpectomy
when there is devitalized tissue in pulp canal. surrounding dentine must still be intact
