MSK 4 Flashcards
what are the 7 developmental ortho dx
osteochondrosis
subchondral cysts
angular limb deformities
flexural limb deformitites
physitis
cuboidal bone abdnormalities
CVM
what is osteochondrosis
disturbance in endochondral ossification –> fragments in cartilage = OCD
is diaphysis ossified at birth? is epiphysis?
yes
no
pathogenesis of osteochondrosis
cartilage canal vessels become constricted –> ischaemia
4 things that can lead to osteochondrosis
- trauma
- exercise
- nutrition/hormone
- genetics
what does it mean to say osteochondrosis is a dynamic dx
hock: most better by 5 mo
stifle: most better by 8 mo
which sites are most commonly affected by osteochondrosis
tarsus (hock)!
stifle!
fetlock
OC exam findings
lameness
effusion
OC - what to look for on radiograph
radiopaque fragments
where does effusion show up in stifle OC
femoropatellar joint
femortibial joint
why is US useful for OC
visualize cartilage
tx for OCD
- rest, controlled exercise, NSAID
- sx arthroscopy
where does cyst occur on stifle
medial femoral condyle
stifle cyst tx options
- Arthroscopic deridement
- Intra-cyst steroid inj
- Transcortical screw (trauma ==> new bone growth)
valgus
knee goes in
angular vs flexural limb deformities
angular from frontal plane, flexural from sagittal plane
congenital causes of angular limb deformities
Incomplete cuboidal bone ossification
Laxity
acquired causes of angular limb deformities
disproportionate bone growth
up to __ degree deviation of limb angles is normal
4
tx for angular limb deformities
hoof manipulation
transphyseal bridge
when to tx for ALD
fetlock:
sx by 4-6w
should be resolved before 12w of age
carpus: 6mo
describe hoof manipulation for ALD
valgus: rasp outside hoof wall, extension placed medial
varus: rasp inside hoof wall, extension placed lateral
how does transphyseal bridge as tx for ALD work
screw pinches one side to slow growth
flexural limb deformities: which are born and which are acquired
knee: born
fetlock, distal phalangeal (coffin): acquired
what to do for congenital flexural contracture?
IV oxytet
farriery
casts
analgesia
(don’t bandage if laxity)
cause of congenital flexural contracture?
dystocia ==> bandage for 24h + box rest + analgesia
acquired flexural deformities - type A vs type b
type a = dorsal hoof wall doesn’t pass beyond vertical
type b = passes beyond vertical
acquired flexural deformities tx DIPj
can try to sx elongate DDFT
risk factors for physitis
exercise
rapid growth
tx for physitis
reduce nutrition
box rest
NSAIDs
cuboidal bone abnormalities
underdeveloped newborns –> tarsus hasn’t ossified –> more likely to get crushed
