Equine 6

Question 1

Indications for surgery for colic cases

Answer 1

1. not responding to tx
2. uncontrollable pain
3. signs of surgical lesion

Question 2

cost of colic surgery

Answer 2

3k to 5+k

Question 3

which is more commonin adult horses: gastric impaction or gastric outflow obstruction

Answer 3

impaction

Question 4

how to manage gastric impaction

Answer 4

gastric lavage

Question 5

what causes gastric outflow obstruction in foals

Answer 5

idiopathic hypertrophy
ulcer –> stricture

Question 6

how to manage gastric outflow obstruction

Answer 6

tx ulcers.
low bulk feed.

Question 7

if you see old horse w SI distension, think

Answer 7

pedunculated lipoma

Question 8

give examples of non-strangulating small intestine lesions

Answer 8

enteritis
impaction
neoplasia

Question 9

what are strangulating obstructions of the small intestine? examples?

Answer 9

something that cuts off intestinal lumen and blood supply.

intussusception, volvulus, pedunculated lipoma, epiploic foramen entrapment

Question 10

what is the epiploic foramen and which horses are more likely to get it?

Answer 10

R dorsal abdomen (bordered by caudal vena cava and caudate liver)

tall, winter

Question 11

what is the most common indication for intestinal surgery in foals

Answer 11

small intestinal volvulus

(b/c of transition to solid foods)

Question 12

what leads to small intestinal volvulus or intussusception

Answer 12

alterations in motility

Question 13

what is an extra step on the clinical exam if the colic patient is a stallion?

Answer 13

palpate scrotum (could be inguinal hernia)

Question 14

consider euthanasia if more than ___% of the small intestine requires resection after strangulation

Answer 14

60-70

Question 15

you should deterine viability ___ minutes after correcting obstruction

Answer 15

15

Question 16

what might lead to an ileal impaction

Answer 16

tapeworm, inappropriate feed

Question 17

do most small intestine impactions lead to enterotomy?

Answer 17

no, can milk into caecum

Question 18

how does anterior enteritis lead to a functional obstruction

Answer 18

inflammation –>
fluid accumulation –>
distension –>
bacteria into blood –>
endotoxaemia

Question 19

tx for anterior enteritis

Answer 19

gastric decompression
(then surgery if needed)

Question 20

tx for caecal impaction

Answer 20

analgesia
enteral and IV fluids
feed restriction

Question 21

why is it important to refer FAST for caecal impaction

Answer 21

can rupture with horse showing few signs

Question 22

where do most large colon impactions occur

Answer 22

pelvic flexure
right dorsal colon

Question 23

L vs R large colon displacement

Answer 23

L: nephrosplenic space
R: between caecum and R body wall

Question 24

Left dorsal displacement are commonly repeat offenders. What to do to prevent future ones?

Answer 24

ablation of nephrosplenic space

Question 25

large colon volvulus involves the ventral colon moving which direction

Answer 25

dorsomedially

Question 26

what to do for large colon volvulus (options)

Answer 26

1. resection
2. colopexy
3. euthanize

Question 27

large colon colopexy involves ventral colon incorporated into

Answer 27

the linea alba (ventral midline)

Question 28

small colon impaction - tx?

Answer 28

hydration, laxatives, analgesia

Question 29

do you need anesthesia for replacing rectal prolapse

Answer 29

yes epidural

Question 30

where do most rectal tears occur after rectaling

Answer 30

10-2

Question 31

what first aid should you give for rectal tear before refering

Answer 31

1. sedate + epidural
2. evacuate rectum
3. pack w damp cotton
4. AB and NSAIDs

Question 32

prognosis is worse for which parts of the GI

Answer 32

small intestine
caecum

Question 33

post op ileus occurs in __% of cases?
post op recurrance occurs in __% of cases?

Answer 33

20
25-33

Question 34

what to do for post op ileus case

Answer 34

supportive (analgesia)

if not getting better, repeat laparotomy to see if obstruction

Question 35

what is belly jelly

Answer 35

something to pour over site during surgery to prevent adhesions

Question 36

esophageal choke is most associated with which foods?

Answer 36

sugar beet pulp, pelleted food

Question 37

tx for choke

Answer 37

starve, take off bedding

spontaneously resolve,
OR buscopan + sedative

–> lavage + AB