Equine 6 Flashcards
Indications for surgery for colic cases
- not responding to tx
- uncontrollable pain
- signs of surgical lesion
cost of colic surgery
3k to 5+k
which is more commonin adult horses: gastric impaction or gastric outflow obstruction
impaction
how to manage gastric impaction
gastric lavage
what causes gastric outflow obstruction in foals
idiopathic hypertrophy
ulcer –> stricture
how to manage gastric outflow obstruction
tx ulcers.
low bulk feed.
if you see old horse w SI distension, think
pedunculated lipoma
give examples of non-strangulating small intestine lesions
enteritis
impaction
neoplasia
what are strangulating obstructions of the small intestine? examples?
something that cuts off intestinal lumen and blood supply.
intussusception, volvulus, pedunculated lipoma, epiploic foramen entrapment
what is the epiploic foramen and which horses are more likely to get it?
R dorsal abdomen (bordered by caudal vena cava and caudate liver)
tall, winter
what is the most common indication for intestinal surgery in foals
small intestinal volvulus
(b/c of transition to solid foods)
what leads to small intestinal volvulus or intussusception
alterations in motility
what is an extra step on the clinical exam if the colic patient is a stallion?
palpate scrotum (could be inguinal hernia)
consider euthanasia if more than ___% of the small intestine requires resection after strangulation
60-70
you should deterine viability ___ minutes after correcting obstruction
15
what might lead to an ileal impaction
tapeworm, inappropriate feed
do most small intestine impactions lead to enterotomy?
no, can milk into caecum
how does anterior enteritis lead to a functional obstruction
inflammation –>
fluid accumulation –>
distension –>
bacteria into blood –>
endotoxaemia
tx for anterior enteritis
gastric decompression
(then surgery if needed)
tx for caecal impaction
analgesia
enteral and IV fluids
feed restriction
why is it important to refer FAST for caecal impaction
can rupture with horse showing few signs
where do most large colon impactions occur
pelvic flexure
right dorsal colon
L vs R large colon displacement
L: nephrosplenic space
R: between caecum and R body wall
Left dorsal displacement are commonly repeat offenders. What to do to prevent future ones?
ablation of nephrosplenic space
